Iran Nuclear Negotiation

After revelation of National Council of Resistance of Iran about Iran's nuclear activities, the IAEA took the steps on assessing the verification of such claims. Afterwards, the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Mohammad El-Baradei had a trip to Iran in order to visit the nuclear sites of Iran. It was affirmed that the nuclear activities of Iran is peaceful, but the US rejected such verification.

The United States became more outspoken in condemnation of Iran's nuclear program and Iranian Regime and asked the UN Security Council to impose sanctions on Iran. Iran’s leaders managed to turn the negotiation into one of the national pride, a cause behind which both conservatives and liberals could join the partisans’ support. Thereafter, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) took the preliminary position to close the books on decades of obstacles for implementing July’s nuclear deal with world powers in order to reach an agreement, which was a landmark in the history. Respectively, a resolution approved by the U.N watchdog’s 35 Nations board of governors said the investigation was implemented in accordance with the agreed scheduled, and that this closed the board’s consideration of the matter, but the Vienna-based watchdog sought to clear up allegations until 2003 and since Iran had secretly sought to develop an actual nuclear weapon. As a result, the IAEA on Dec 2, 2016 released the final assessment that even though it did not receive all the information it sought, some of the allegations were indeed accurate. It said that Iran conducted "a range of activities relevant to the development" of a nuclear bomb before the end of 2003 in a "coordinated effort," and that some of the activities continued until 2009.

International inspectors from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) tried not only to continuously monitor every element of Iran’s declared nuclear program, but also they tried to verify that no fissile material was covertly carted off to a secret location to build a bomb. In addition, if IAEA inspectors became aware of a suspicious location, Iran would agree to implement the Additional Protocol to their IAEA Safeguards Agreement, which will allow inspectors to access and inspect any site they deem suspicious. Such suspicions can be triggered by holes in the ground that could be uranium mines, intelligence reports, unexplained purchases, or isotope alarms.

Afterwards, on January 2016, the International Atomic Energy verified that Iran has completed all the necessary steps under which Iran agreed to transform its deeply buried plant at Fordo into a center for science research. Another uranium plant, Natanz, is to be cut back rather than shut down. Some 5,000 centrifuges for enriching uranium will remain spinning there, about half the current number. Iran also agreed to limit enrichment to 3.7 percent and to cap its stockpile of low-enriched uranium at 300 kilograms, or 660 pounds, for 15 years. That was considered insufficient for a bomb rush.

The deal stressed that these "did not advance beyond feasibility and scientific studies" and that there was no proof that Iran intended to use nuclear material such as uranium or plutonium for enriching uranium or plutonium. However, despite the findings, the six major powers — the United States, Russia, China, Britain, France and Germany, who co-authored the IAEA resolution - decided to move on. These powers stressed that Iran will remain under close IAEA scrutiny to confirm that Iran has enacted all its commitment under the deal on a day to be dubbed on “Implementation Day” which happened in early 2016. Certification by the International Atomic Energy Agency allowed Iran to immediately recoup some $100 billion in assets frozen overseas and see huge benefits from new oil, trade and financial opportunities that came after Western sanctions against Iran were lifted.