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The IEEE stands for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and refers to the standard format for referencing sources in computer science, engineering, and other technical papers.
It’s a numerical citation style, meaning you need to arrange the sources numerically in the order they appear in the text instead of alphabetically.
Let’s see how to use the IEEE style accurately when referencing books.
The IEEE referencing style sets different guidelines for citing books, depending on the type, the referenced section, and the number of authors. Below are the most common formats and their examples.
Structure: [Number] Organization or Author’s First Name Initial. Middle Initial(s), if any. Last Name, Book Title: Subtitle. Edition if available, Volume Number if available. Editor’s or Translator’s Initial(s). Last Name if available. Publication City, Abbreviated State/Country if the city isn’t well-known: Publisher, Publication Year. Page or Page Range unless referencing an entire book.
Examples:
[1] Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Aerospace Division, Science and Technology). Integrated Electric Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1970, pp. 335-341.
[2] S. Hawking, A Brief History of Time. New York: Bantam Dell Publishing Group, 1998, p. 142.
[3] I. Dincer, A. Midilli, and H. Kucuk, Progress in Energy, Energy, and the Environment. Cham, CH: Springer, 2014.
[4] U. J. Gelinas, et al., Business Processes and Information Technology. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western, Thomson Learning, 2004.
[5] A. W. Alsabti and P. Murdin, Eds., Handbook of Supernovae. Cham, CH: Springer, 2017.
[6] V. Hugo, Les Miserables, J. Roset, trans. New York: Modern Library, 2009.
*Note: When referencing books with four or more authors, mention only the first one, followed by “et al.”
Structure: [Number] Organization or Author’s Initial(s). Last Name, “Chapter title” in Book Title: Subtitle. Edition, Volume, Editor(s)/Translator(s) if available. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year, Chapter Number if available, Page Range.
Examples:
[7] W. M. Rohsenow, “Heat transmission,” in Thermal Radiation Properties, vol. 3. M. W. Catton and J. P. Hartnett, Eds. New York: Macmillan, 2012, ch. 9, pp. 37-62.
[8] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics. 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.
Structure: [Number] Organization or Author’s/Editor’s Initial(s). Last Name, E-Book Title: Subtitle. Series Title, Volume if available. Edition if available. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year, Page/Page Range if applicable. Accessed on: Abbreviated Month Day, Year. [Online]. Available: URL or DOI: DOI number
Examples:
[9] T. Schlick, Molecular Modeling and Simulation: An Interdisciplinary Guide. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, vol. 21. New York: Springer, 2010. Accessed on: Feb. 8, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4419-6351-2
[10] C. Kahraman and S. Ç. Onar, Eds. Intelligent Techniques in Engineering Management: Theory and Applications. Intelligence Systems Reference Library, vol. 87. Cham, CH: Oxford Butterworth-Heinemann, 2015. Accessed on: Feb. 8, 2022. [Online]. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17906-3
Structure: [Number] Organization or Author’s Initial(s). Last Name, “Chapter title” in E-Book Title: Subtitle, Editor(s) if available. Edition/Series Title, Volume if available. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year, Page Range. Accessed on: Abbreviated Month Day, Year. [Online]. Available: URL or DOI: DOI number
Example: [11] D. Kawecki, “Fuel preparation,” in Combustion Engineering Issues for Solid Fuel Systems, B. G. Miller and D. A. Tillman, Eds. Boston, MA: Academic Press, 2008, pp. 199-240. Accessed on: Feb. 8, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-373611-6.X0001-8
When using the IEEE style to reference books in the text, use numbers in square brackets after every paraphrased or quoted source, ensuring they match their reference list entries.
Examples:
This theory was first proposed in 1970 [1].
Stephen Hawking [2] explained these complex concepts of physics by stating that…
Several studies [3], [4], [5] have suggested that…
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