A Comprehensive Country Report: Qatar

Introduction

Qatar is a very beautiful country. It is an Arabian country and the richest country on the planet and is also one of the most beautiful places that can be visited/seen in the modern era. It has some of the tallest buildings in the world and, despite this fact, it has also managed to preserve its old buildings which can be seen in some parts of the country. Qatar is one of the largest oil developing countries and has served as a tourist attraction to many across the world in recent years.

Location

The location of Qatar has lots to do with its main source of income and the country's agriculture. Qatar is a country that sits in Asia, with 11,586 square kilometers of land covered by Qatar, making it the 168th largest nation based on land area. Qatar’s majority of its surroundings is surrounded by water and has a neighboring Bahrain. Located in the Northern Hemisphere, covering 11,586 square kilometers of land, making it the 168th largest land-based nation (country studies). Qatar is a country in the Middle East and is relatively similar to its neighboring countries like Bahrain. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, along with the Bahrain Gulf, the Bay of Dawhat Salwa and the Persian Gulf. The capital, Doha, is situated on a sweeping harbor on the central east coast. Other ports are Umm Said, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, and others. Only Doha and Umm Said can handle commercial shipping, although Ras Laffan, north of Al Khawr, is planning a large port and a gas loading terminal. In the early months of the year, the average temperature in Doha is 18.5 degrees Celsius (65 degrees Fahrenheit). During the summer, temperatures can reach all the way up to 99 degrees Fahrenheit (climate travel). The wind in Qatar is mostly hot, humid, and blows from the northwest in the summer. The lack of rainfall occurs during the winter months and ends around spring. This is the best time to visit Qatar.

Climate

The climate of Qatar is a desert with light winter and a very hot and sunny summer. Being a small and flat country, it has a consistent climate throughout the country. There are two main seasons, a cooler season from December to February, and a hot season from April to October, which can bring a very hot period from May to October. March and November are transitional months. In 1984, the environmental protection committee was created to monitor the problems in the environment. Water supply, air pollution, wildlife, and marine conditions are things Qatar pays the most attention to. This is because smog and air pollution have been a growing issue in Qatar for some years now, which is why environmental preservation is a top priority for Qatar.

The government understands that it must attempt to balance the economic development of the country and its limited resources. It also addresses the environmental problems caused by the hydrocarbon industry that is driving the economy of the country. Soils in Qatar are distinguished by a considerably limited amount of organic matter and are typically calcareous and unproductive in agriculture. The most famous windblown dunes and the soil distribution over the basement is slight and uneven. In coastal and agricultural areas, the soil is high with inadequate irrigation regulation leading to increased salinity.

Much of Qatar is flat and sandy, and in the west and middle of Qatar, there are flat hills. In southeast Qatar, there are large sand dunes where many visitors drive motor vehicles. The precipitation in Qatar is extremely inconsistent and there is a lot of salt to drink in the underground water resources. The population of Qatar contains 34% of immigrants from countries across the globe. Many Qatari indigenous people originate from different tribes in the Arab Peninsula region. Many Qatari have come down from the Persian traders. While Qatar is a major part of the country, most Qatari people live in Doha and many other places. Qatar has a lot of soft sand and gravel, mainly desert. The sand in Qatar makes it popular with many visitors because of its sand dunes. In Qatar, the country is completely flat. The flat land they have is what makes them in the petroleum industry popular. Due to the flat surface, the oil is easy to access and acquire.

Since Qatar is located in a desert and lacks water, the country has to rely on water from the plants around the city. Qatar not only relies upon water plants but also highly relies upon water-supporting aqueducts from Saudi Arabia. The lack of ecosystem resources has environmental problems in Qatar. Qatar was small, hot, dry, and arid, unlike other nations. Only certain natural resources other than natural gas can be relied on in Qatar. In order to obtain resources for a stable existence, Qatari relies on imports from other countries.

History

Qatar’s history lies mostly in the countries surrounding it, many of which have the same religion, history, and culture similar to Qatar. Since its creation, the Qatar flag has undergone many changes. In the beginning, Qatar’s flag did not have today's style. The flag has two colors, much like the surrounding countries, with the same style as Bahrain. Instead of the more common rot, Qatar preferred mauve or maroón from to differentiate between the flag used in rural Bahrain and the colors of their flag, or because natural local dyes appeared to color under sunlight. Qatar’s original flag was red. This color persisted until about 1860, when a white line was applied to the hoist. A white flag was used in 1916, with a medium red square and a yellow crescent canton. It was not long and the flag was used before it was replaced. In 1932, the vertical band was transformed into a wavy band. Then the red became black or purple. In Qatari wars, Maroon is the bloodshed and White stands for peace; the nine-pointed clamped edges are the ninth member, after the British Qatari Treaty of 1916, for the “reconciled emirates”.

Capital - Doha

Doha is Qatar’s capital and its capital, with 344,939 individuals claiming it as their home. Age structure influences the main socio-economic problems of a country. Countries with a young population must invest more in schools. The structure of age can also be used to forecast political problems. People of the Qatar peninsula represent a relatively recent founding by a few families from three tribes of the Arabian Peninsula, Persia, and Oman.

The only thing about the capital is that most of its inhabitants come from Europe, America, the Near East, and Asia, while the indigenous Qatars are the minority. With the increasing immigration rates by foreigners, Qatar’s population continues to rise. Doha was just where the oil is and a much larger population became the capital of Qatar. Doha is a big industry in Qatar, since it is close to water and Perl plunge and fishing, and it is much easier to do so. In the fifties and sixties, oil sales began to increase, and immigration to Qatar began to spread widely.

The unique thing about the capital city is that most of its residents come from European countries, America, the Middle East, and Asian countries, while the indigenous Qatar people are the minority. Qatar’s population continues to grow with the rising rate of immigration by foreigners. Doha became the capital of Qatar simply by being where the oil is and having a slightly bigger population. Also, because Doha is located near the water and pearl diving and fishing is a major industry in Qatar, being close to the water makes it that much easier. From the 1950s to the 1960s, oil revenues began to increase, which began widespread immigration to Qatar. In 1968, the UK announced a policy of ending the treaty relationship with the Gulf sheikdoms. Qatar joined British protection to try and create a plan for the United Arab Emirates. In 1971, the states still had not agreed upon forming a union of Arabs, Qatar declared independence and became its own country. Qatar came to the British ‘attention in 1867 when a dispute between the Bahraini al-Khalīfah, who continued to claim Al-Zubārah, and the Qatari residents escalated into a major confrontation during which Doha was virtually destroyed. The UK had viewed Qatar as a Bahraini dependent until the attack. It then signed a separate treaty with Muhammad ibn Thānī in 1868, setting the course for both the future independence of Qatar and the rule of the Thānī, who until the treaty were only one of several major families on the peninsula.

State

Qatar joined a group of nine small nations from the Gulf in 1968, in the middle of what would soon become the United Arab Emirates. However, due to altercations over territory, Qatar soon resigned from the coalition and became independent on September 3, 1971. The State of Qatar is a hereditary monarchy ruled by the Al Thani family. The Emir of Qatar is a monarch and serves as head of state and head of government. The House of Thani established their dynasty in the late 19th century and resumed power after Qatar gained independence from Britain in 1971 (Pike, John). Qatar is supposed to exist as a constitutional monarchy. The Emir is the Head of State. He should be respected by all. The Emir is the Commander in Chief of the armed forces. He supervises the same with the assistance of the Defense Council, which is set under his authority. To help the emir make the decisions is the advisory council. The Consultative Council may draft and approve laws, but the final say is in the Emir's hands. The Council has 45 members, 30 of them are elected by the people by secret general ballot, and 15 are selected by the Emir.

The state leader is the emir of the hereditary position, Sheik Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani. From a traditional society in Qatar, politically, Qatar is evolving into a more formal and democratic society to meet the needs of social and economic progress. The Constitution of the country formulates the Thani family's hereditary rule but also provides for an elected legislature and accountability of government ministers to the legislature. Since the mid-1800s, The Al Thani Family has ruled Qatar from a weak British pearl protectorate to a wealthy and autonomous state, with significant amounts of oil and gas being discovered. The leader of the Modernization, Globalisation, and commitment to education, world-class healthcare, and international development was Sheik Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani, who ruled from 95 to 2013. A total of 45 members are represented by the existing Consultative Council, 30 of whom are elected directly by secret general vote, while HH the Amir appoints the remaining 15.

Culture and Traditions

Women in Qatar typically wear a black robe, which is a long cloak worn over garments. More conservative women typically wear a dress named a djellaba under their abaya. Younger generations prefer to wear more Westernized yet, traditional garments under their abayas. It is a very personal decision for the woman to wear under her abaya. An abaya of thicker tissue can be worn like a robe during the winter months. The cultural tradition of Thobe is Qatar’s. Men wear their spiritual beliefs to demonstrate. To respect their faith, Qatari men wear this. During the summer, the men wear long, long, and cut along a shirt that reaches the ground. It determines whether the thobe is ironed.

Ardha is an Islamic dance standard. Two lines of men are doing this dance with their own sword or cane. The men of the tribes in the area of Nejd originally performed Ardah. It was carried out before going to war. It's now done at festivals, weddings, or national events. This dance was named Ardha because in historical times the combat force of a tribe had been seen before it went to battle, and the arms had been displayed. The dance was known as Ardha. Culture and heritage, similarities, and the solidarity of the country's people and their leadership are also celebrated today. Qatar’s Constitution provides for religious freedom in the country. But it is an offense to preach anything other than Muslim. Muslim blasphemy is also illegal also. While the ruling family and the government have a strong connection with Islam, non-Muslims can work in politics. Muslim festivals are celebrated in Qatar as national festivals. To be legally recognized, religious groups are registered with the government. Each group needs to have a minimum of 1,500 members in order to be approved. The government of the country strictly monitors the publication and distribution of religious texts in Qatar.

Qatar is home to the world's second-largest ex-pats. Qatar’s official language is Arabic, but English is widely spoken. Qatari culture seems in most respects, due to strong pressures from Islamic practices, to be fairly conservative. Hence, because the country is one of the richest in the world, Qatar has great socio-economic disparity worldwide. It solves this problem by improving it. Extensive social welfare services, including free medicine and primary education. University, accommodation, and affordable facilities. University. The most common greeting in the Gulf is Salam Alaykum (‘Peace be upon you') Men should always shake hands when greeting and parting from Arab men. After handshaking, it's customary to enquire about the other person's health. If you're invited to the home of an Arab, you should always accept. You should take every opportunity to become acquainted with local people. But avoid politics and religion as subjects for discussion, as they can be seen as offensive. If you talk to an Arab straight away, don't talk about business straight away as they'll assume you're impatient. If invited to an Arab's home, always accept the invitation.

When you enter the Majlis, the reception room for visitors, you should always remove your footwear. Arabs are almost always polite and expect the same from those they meet. The standard greeting is Ahlan wa sahlan — which means welcome-and this will become familiar to all who visit Dubai. It's worth learning enough Arabic to communicate the pleasantries, greetings, and responses. Don't walk on a prayer mat or in front of any person at prayer and try not to stare at people who are praying. Don't enter a mosque without first asking permission. In Saudi Arabia, don't try to enter the Holy sites of the areas surrounding Mecca and Medina. Avoid shouting and displays of aggression or drunkenness at all times.

Population

The Bedouin nomads of the central part of the Arabian Peninsula were initially settled in Qatar. Only a small portion — about a ninth — of the entire population today comprises Qatari people. Economic growth began in the 1970s and brought about a foreign-based economy. Qatar adopted a constitution declaring independence in 1971.

Qatar has a population of 1.9 million people, 10% of whom are Qatari. The religious population is 67.7% Muslim, followed by 13.8% Hindu. The nation consists of 250,000 Filipinos, making them the 3rd largest ex-pat group. The population of Qatar (Arab) is less than 15%, followed by other Arabs (13%), Indians (24%), Nepali people (16%), Philippines (11%), and Bangladesh and Sri Lankan people (5% each)

Qatar’s population has tripled in the decade leading up to 2011. The population of Qatar (Arab) is less than 15%. The nation consists of 250,000 Filipinos, making them the 3rd largest ex-pat. In 2020, Qatar’s present population is 2881053, up from 2019 by 1.73%. Qatar’s population is 0.03% of the global population, so one in every 3730 people on the planter is possibly a Qatar citizen. Life expectancy is an indicator of a country's overall quality of life and sums up mortality at all ages. The future return on investments in human resources can also be interpreted as being important in order to quantify various actuarial steps. The death rate for adults in Qatar for 2015 was 54.29 per 100 people. In 2015, the total population was estimated to lose 60,716 years of life (82% in males). All-cause incidence decreased substantially and continuously between 1989–2015 in both sexes in Qatar and non-Qatari females. The influx of safe migrants was possibly decreasing between 1998-2010.

Education

Education in Qatar is an extremely important subject and is taken very seriously because the country is relatively young. Qatar needs the strongest feet to start and many of its people are highly trained. In Qatar, the literacy rate is 97.7, which means that 97% of men over 15 years old are read and correct. The young people's literacy rate is 98.6, while the analphabet rate is 47.636l (Knoema). Education is practiced in Qatar in primary school, three years in preparatory school, and three years in secondary school. Girls and boys go to various colleges. Children who work for the administration of non-Qatari people can study free of charge in public schools. Private schools and schools are available in the various Arab communities. Basic reading and interactive skills are primary and preparatory studies. At the end of the cycle, university, technical or vocational training, secondary students are trained or are given jobs. Education in Qatar honors the culture and conservatism of its people while encouraging new technologies and pedagogical methods. Primary education is compulsory for 6 years but free of charge for all national education. Also, strongly promoted are private schools, which cover all expenses. Qatar University offers seven colleges with a variety of universities. Some specialize in specific research or course studies. There are a number of foreign universities, many diplomats, and short courses.

In the biomedical research program for Qatari nationals, a six-month course is offered for recent university graduates interested in a career in biomedical sciences. It offers participants an outstanding experience in an enriching community that is involved in biomedical research. In 2005, Qatar became a leader in delivering creative products and integrated solutions for a wide variety of sectors, including life sciences, healthcare, research, and information technology. There is a continuing opportunity to improve human health through recent developments in medical technology and in significant discoveries in biomedical science. Many Arab Gulf countries, mostly Qatar, are increasingly spending money on building centers of excellence in biomedical research. However, obstacles must be overcome.

Economy and industries

Qatar has one of the world's largest supplies of natural gas and the highest GDP per capita in the world. Leaders want to diversify the nation's economy by developing a knowledge-based economy. Qatar has spent billions of dollars to build a scientific infrastructure and catalyze research in the Middle East. Scientists in Qatar have discovered three new extrasolar planets in the last year. The blockade has put on hold some grants to Egypt, UAE, and Saudi Arabia in fields from solid-state physics to coral reefs. Qatar aims to make Doha the cultural capital of the Middle East. The 2022 FIFA World Cup is set to boost the country's cultural boom. Doha has a number of museums sponsored by the Qatar Museums Authority. Research shows artists do not gravitate to Doha as it is the only place they can sell their work. Qatari artists need facilities and infrastructure for artists to thrive, say researchers. The country is the world's biggest art buyer, with a collection of 9,000 artworks. The National Museum of Qatar is a series of interlocking discs to create the appearance of a desert rose, inspired by the petals of desert roses.

The project proposes the physical structure for artists, but also organizational strategies for developing a thriving artist community in Qatar. The design includes state-of-the-art production facilities in digital fabrication, metalwork, woodshop, printmaking. Sustainable strategies have to be seen as holistic solutions, as a socio-technical network built around art.

Qatar has about 12% of the world's proven reserves of natural gas, the third-largest reserves in the world. Qatar’s economic freedom score is 72.3, ranking the country 31st in the 2020 Index of Economic Freedom. The country follows a policy of diversifying and extending its industrial and commercial activities to reduce the current dependence on oil. Foreign investment in Qatar’s oil sector and industrial projects is estimated to have reached $10 billion since 1992. Qatar has not been as badly affected by the drop in oil prices as other countries that rely heavily on oil exports and are now forced to make painful public spending cuts. Non-hydrocarbon sector growth is strong and expected to be around 5.7% in 2017, contributing to overall GDP growth of just under 3%. This is an enviably good rate compared to other parts of the world and is the highest forecast in the GCC. Qatar has maintained its position at the top of the international table for GDP per capita. Growth is projected to stall in 2020 even with increased government spending to ease the economic impact of COVID-19.

Like many other Qatari subjects, its currency is somewhat close to that of its neighboring countries. The Gulf Arabian RIYAL covers the currency of Qatar. Riyal Qatar coins. The QAR-INR rate from our currency rankings is the most common exchange rate in Qatar Riyal. The currency of Rials is QAR. Qatar’s currency is Riyal Qatar. The QAR-INR rate from our currency rankings is the most common exchange rate in Qatar Riyal. The currency of Rials is QAR. One QAR in Qatar is about 27 cents worth in the United States. In Qatar, one dollar is worth three QARs. This gives us a much more precious dollar. Exports from Qatar consist primarily of liquefied natural gas (60%) and crude oil (30%). The principal export partners are Japan (28% of overall spending), South Korea (19%), and India (11%). Other countries include China, Singapore, and Twain. Qatar has stringent rules on customs clearance in the country of products. A customs statement form and a manifest presented upon arrival. Unless Qatar’s customary law is enforced, delays, fines, arrests, returns or even serious legal proceedings could occur. Like the districts of Qatar’s Middle East, oil and natural gas constitute the main components of their company revenues. Qatar accounts for 85per cent of its export earnings and invests in food and equipment for Qatar’s increasingly rising economy.

Agriculture, primarily producing palm and vegetable products, in Qatar is very small. Water limitations and the inaccessibility of farmland are key challenges in Qatar’s crop production. Qatar aims to improve production over the next five years by setting up 1,400 farming settlements covering 45,000 acres of land. Most farms use productive fertilizers to grow fruit and vegetables. The government prioritizes the production of vegan goods as less water and soil are intensive. As in other Arab countries, Qatar is faced with water shortage issues. Production of food crops has declined significantly over the past 10 years. The scarcity of fertile soils, plumbing, and underground water supplies restricts agriculture and is expected to dry aquifers that supply the crops. Irrigation of treated waste has recently been used. In 1998, the total area was just 1.5% cultivated. 23,000 tons were produced in 1999, primarily for local use. Rice is also cultivated for the domestic market. Qatar’s agriculture is eaten locally, with 70 and 40 percent consumption of summer and winter vegetables. Other than vegetables, Qatar also manufactures cereals, fruit, dates, eggs, poultry, and milk products. In the last twenty years, Qatar remained dependent on food imports, primarily food, and live animals, which constitute about 10% of the total imports, despite a marked increase in agricultural production (Qatar agriculture).

Qatar is also a major exporter of crude petroleum from the world's largest natural gas plant, including about half a billion barrels per day. Petroleum derivatives, on the other hand, are exported in large quantities due to their energy output. Total non-natural gas exports amount to US $11.7 billion. These added-value goods help distinguish the product mix from the inevitable fluctuation of the price of natural gas. The Qatar Helium second helium production facility started to operate in 2013. 38 million cubic meters/yr can be made. The combined production of both plants is one-third of the total global demand for helium. Qatar has one of the largest oil and natural gas reserves in the world and hires significant numbers of foreign employees. The Qatar population counter (lived) processes data obtained from the United Nations Population Division. The United Kingdom controlled Qatar’s foreign policy until the independence of Qatar in 1971. The country has been populated continuously but sparsely since prehistoric times.

The Gulf was the four-month seasonal summer practice for pearl plunging. Each season, many pearling boats are shipped to ports like Manama, Doha, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi to oyster-rich coaster bays. Many involved male communities in these towns have taken part in the industry. Diverse, navy, and sweatshops employed the least skilled workers, the majority of whom were enslaved until they migrated to the Gulf of Africa and the Asian subcontinent. Qatar has produced about 46 million cubic meters of helium in comparison to about 40 million cubic meters in 2013. According to RasGas, which has begun production on its second helium factory, Helium 2 is the world's leading export helium in 2014. Combined, helium 1 and helium 2 are 55.4 million cubic meters per year in Ras Laffan. The soil in Qatar is distinguished by a low organic content and is typically unproductive. Windblown sand dunes are normal and the soil distribution is light and unequaled on the surface. In coastal and agricultural areas, the salinity of the soil is high with poor regulation of irrigation which leads to rising salinity. Qatar’s electricity production is close to Turkmenistan, Bahrain, Trinidad, and Tobago, and Brunei, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, Belarus, Moldavia, Algeria, and Bangladesh's natural gas-generated electricity.

Fisheries in Qatar, like other Arab Gulf countries, are largely organic in nature. In 1993, in response to decreasing landings, the government closed down fisheries and since then, no production has taken place. Although the production levels of shrimp fishing in Qatar were over 900 tons per year in the 1970s, fewer industrial trawlers and craft boats were involved. There are currently five organic farms registered in Qatar, and the organic industry is rising as customers become more conscious of the benefits of organic produce locally cultivated. The laws, directives, and farming practices of the Qatar GCC standardization organization should be in compliance with Certified Organic Products. This makes sure the product is treated environmentally friendly from farm to market and its authenticity is verified. The harsh conditions, including high temperatures, lack of water, and fertile land hinder higher farm production. Based on projections, the water in the soil would be drained by 2000. As a partial solution, the government aims to extend the agricultural wastewater effluent management program. The parkland and the public garden in Doha have already been watered.

In addition to biological protection, the government has stressed. The marine and terrestrial habitats of Qatar include many significant species of flora and fauna that have been suspected and endangered by some of their biodiversity. The conservation of the land and marine habitats, wastewater collection and treatment, and the confrontation of ozone-depleting pollutants have taken Qatar great strides forward. However, it also notes that more needs to be done so that air quality and groundwater supplies are not exhausted. In 2017, 11,595 harsh natural coral reefs and 500 soft coral reefs were moved for protection. In Avicennia, 31 656 mangrove trees have migrated to the coast. On the International Day for Biological Diversity in Qatar, the Ministry of District and Environment shared information on marine life.

Natural gas in the country contributes significantly to national income. Qatar is the world's largest gas field. The estimated national natural gas reserves constitute 14 percent of all-natural gas deposits around the world. With regional exports, the natural gas supplier meets 79% of domestic energy needs (Sawe, Benjamin Elisha). Qatar is the global leader in gas exportation. The company responsible for the extraction and sale of natural gas is Qatar Gas. The Industrial Engineering Center (IDC), founded in 1973, other than oil mining, manages large parts of Qatar’s industrialization. In order to fulfill Qatar’s needs in both the medium and long term, it defines and coordinates industry planning. However, all sectors are tracked monthly by the IDTC. The center started in the early 1980s to analyze the environmental effects of industrial plants and goods. IDTC was also interested in the development of aircraft. The Qatar production sector is focused on its competitive advantages in the gas industry. Over the last three to four years, the manufacturing sector has contributed 10% of Qatar’s GDP. Now it is growing very quickly and will hit USD 20 trillion by 2021, which affects physical capital expenditure growth, increased trade exposure, and industry competition.

Qatar has many creative inventors, including an air-conditioned jacket, and items that could help many people around the world. The jacket contains a built-in GPS to help a user locate if he leaves the sea. Sheik Ali Bin Salman Bin Jabor Al Thani created a “Smart Life Jacket.” that can determine the location of the consumer. A helmet with a cooling system and a chip, which gives warning signals when quick heart blowing or accelerated breathing is noticed, are fitted with the jacket invented by Qatar’s engineer Ali Hassan el Rashied. When signals indicating the health of the worker are received, the control room may take appropriate action. An audio communication system is included with a solar power monitoring unit.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Qatar is a wealthy and rapidly developing country that has achieved significant economic growth and social progress in recent decades. Despite facing some challenges related to labor rights and political freedoms, Qatar has made significant strides in improving its human development indicators and promoting sustainable development. With its strategic location, rich natural resources, and ambitious vision for the future, Qatar is poised to continue playing an important role in the global economy and the Middle East region.