A Research on Different Articles on The Genomes of The Giant Panda

This article includes the first report of a GH nucleotide and amino acid sequence from the giant panda. There are indications of a slow evolutionary rate, and high similarities between mammals, birds, and amphibians, but low similarities (in percentages) for bony fish. The evolution of the Giant panda is important for understanding the genetic makeup of past ancestors and current species members, which is important for the continued survival of the panda through means of reproduction.

This journal states that 94% of the giant panda genome had been analyzed and compared with the genomes of dogs and humans. The giant panda genome has been found to have a lower divergence rate in comparison to the human and dog, identified over 2.7 million heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the diploid genome, and that the typical bamboo diet may be more reliant of gut microbial bacteria than of actual genetic composition.

This journal article focuses on Chemical Communication in Pandas and the many different ways the utilize it. Without chemical communication system, we cannot understand how pandas locate and choose mates, regulate their use of space, assess potential competition. It discusses the importance of Chemical Communication in Pandas since pandas are mostly solitary animals when they are looking to mate both female and male pandas will look for the scent of a reproductively active mate. This article also discusses a special gland Giant Pandas have called an anogenital gland which secretes a substance that they use during chemical communication. When pandas have overlapping home ranges they also use chemical communication to figure out previous "visitors" to their home.

This article contains a summarization of the overall scope of the giant panda's phylogeny, but also includes population demographics, genetic variation, adaptive evolution, and outside conservation efforts/anthropological impacts on the species. This is mostly focused on the genetic variation of the Giant panda but is still valuable as a broad overview of the panda's survivability efforts.

The article begins by discussing how Pandas have genome codes that are necessary for a carnivorous digestive system and actually lack enzymes needed to digest cellulose yet their diet is mostly bamboo. A study was done on a group of Pandas fecal matter and it was determined that there were genes found being produced by a Clostridium bacteria. One is a hemicellulose-digesting enzyme and the others were two-cellulose digesting enzymes.