A Sociological Analysis of Transcendentalism, a Philosophical Movement of The Early 18th Century

Introduction to Transcendentalism and Individualism

Transcendentalism is a philosophical and social movement that was developed by different philosophers and first applied in New England. It stands in opposition to rationalism, which emphasizes reason and logic. In contrast, individualism is the capacity to achieve freedom through self-control and personal knowledge, as opposed to being controlled by the state or a group. Individualism advocates for rational thinking by the individual to make decisions that will aid in surviving within the contemporary social environment (Hernetta, 2005, p. 300). The relationship between transcendentalism and individualism is that they are seen as direct opposites; transcendentalism is a political and philosophical movement, while individualism is more concerned with personal freedom and rational thought.

A Sociological Analysis of Transcendentalism, a Philosophical Movement of The Early 18th Century

The connection between transcendentalism and social reform lies in their mutual political roots and their drive for change. Philosophical interpretations of transcendentalism, as discussed by philosophers like Plato, describe it as a political and social movement that intertwines reasoning with experiential information. Transcendentalism values divinity as essential, positioning it as a powerful tool for enacting social reform (Hernetta, 2005, p. 330). This perspective suggests that transcendentalism's focus on inner spirituality and intuition can inspire societal transformation.

Transcendentalism and the Middle Class

The relationship between transcendentalism and the middle class is vividly illustrated by Ralph Waldo Emerson’s transcendentalism and its relevance to today's middle class. The movement gained popularity through romanticism and human passion, which championed both individual and societal progress. As society rapidly grew and expanded, the significance of transcendentalism in relation to the middle class became apparent. It encouraged self-reflection and independent thought as strategies to promote continuous growth and development. This approach underscored the importance of personal empowerment and societal contribution in achieving a harmonious balance between individual desires and collective advancement.

By analyzing the philosophical underpinnings and societal impacts of transcendentalism, we can better understand its enduring influence on individualism and social reform. The movement's emphasis on personal intuition and spiritual connection remains relevant today, offering valuable insights into achieving personal and societal growth.

References

Hernetta, M. (2005). Transcendentalism and its Social Impact. New York: Academic Press.

Emerson, R. W. (1841). Self-Reliance and Other Essays. Boston: James Munroe and Company.