An Analysis of Martha's Role in "The Things They Carried"

Martha, a character in Tim O'Brien's novel "The Things They Carried," plays a significant role in the narrative's exploration of love, war, and memory. Throughout the text, the author provides insights into Martha's relationship with First Lieutenant Cross, the leader of the Alpha Company. By examining Martha's feelings towards Cross, we gain a deeper understanding of the themes of longing and escapism present in the novel. This essay will delve into Martha's perspective on First Lieutenant Cross, shedding light on her complex emotions and the impact it has on the story.

Martha's Mysterious Affection

Martha's feelings towards First Lieutenant Cross are portrayed ambiguously in the text. On one hand, she maintains a close friendship with Cross, exchanging letters and even sending him a good luck pebble. However, it is evident that Martha does not share the same romantic sentiments as Cross. In one of her letters, she writes, "I think about you, but I don't love you" (O'Brien, 45). This statement highlights Martha's reluctance to engage in a romantic relationship with Cross, despite their emotional connection.

Martha's mixed signals create a sense of uncertainty in Cross's mind. He becomes fixated on the idea of Martha, constructing fantasies about their future together. This fixation reflects the soldiers' need for an escape from the harsh realities of war. Cross uses his daydreams of Martha as a coping mechanism, allowing him to momentarily forget about the horrors of Vietnam. However, Martha's clear statement of not loving him forces Cross to confront the disparity between his fantasy and reality.

The Weight of Guilt and Longing

Martha's ambivalence towards Cross amplifies his feelings of guilt and longing. Cross's preoccupation with Martha becomes a burden, distracting him from his duties as a leader. In the midst of battle, Cross finds himself thinking about Martha instead of focusing on the safety of his men. This internal conflict is evident in Cross's thoughts: "He felt shame. He hated himself. He had loved Martha more than his men, and as a consequence, Lavender was now dead, and this was something he would have to carry like a stone in his stomach for the rest of the war" (O'Brien, 45).

Martha's lack of reciprocation intensifies Cross's guilt, as he believes his feelings for her have compromised his ability to protect his soldiers. The weight of this guilt shapes Cross's character throughout the novel, pushing him to reevaluate his priorities and the role of love in the midst of war. Martha's impact on Cross exemplifies the complex emotions soldiers grapple with during times of conflict.

Escaping Reality Through Martha

Martha's role in the narrative extends beyond her relationship with Cross. She symbolizes an escape from the harsh realities of war, providing the soldiers with a glimpse of normalcy and happiness. In the midst of chaos, Cross and his fellow soldiers find solace in Martha's letters and the memories associated with her. Martha represents a world untouched by violence and destruction, a world that the soldiers yearn to return to.

O'Brien presents Martha as a symbol of hope and innocence, contrasting the darkness of war. Through her character, the author explores the power of imagination and memory in preserving one's humanity amidst the brutality of combat. Martha's presence in the novel serves as a reminder of the soldiers' longing for a life beyond the warzone, a life where love and happiness can exist without the constant threat of death.

Conclusion

Martha's role in "The Things They Carried" goes beyond her connection with First Lieutenant Cross. Her complex emotions and ambiguous feelings towards Cross shed light on the themes of love, guilt, and escapism present in the novel. Martha's character serves as a catalyst for Cross's internal conflicts and personal growth. Furthermore, she symbolizes the soldiers' longing for a world untouched by war. By understanding Martha's perspective on Cross, we gain a deeper appreciation for the complexities of love and the profound impact it can have in times of conflict.

Overall, Martha's role in "The Things They Carried" exemplifies O'Brien's ability to create multi-dimensional characters who navigate the complexities of war. Through her interactions with Cross, Martha becomes a symbol of hope, guilt, and the yearning for a life outside the horrors of Vietnam. By delving into Martha's perspective, we gain a deeper understanding of the human experience in the midst of armed conflict.

Bibliography

O'Brien, Tim. "The Things They Carried." Broadway Books, 1990.