A&P: a Satirical Exploration of Cultural Norms and Personal Transformation

A&P by John Updike is a short story written in 1961 that uses satire and comedy to explore cultural norms. The plot revolves around Sammy, a young worker in a grocery store, who is dissatisfied with his monotonous job. One day, three young girls in bikinis enter the store and their presence captivates Sammy's attention. However, the manager of the store, Lengel, treats the girls unethically and embarrasses them. In an act of protest, Sammy quits his job, which marks a turning point in his life. This event leads to Sammy's transformation from a teenager obsessed with fantasies to a mature individual who understands the realities of life.

The setting of the story plays a significant role in reflecting Sammy's dissatisfaction with his life. Working in a small grocery store, Sammy feels trapped and unfulfilled. The mundane nature of his job is highlighted by the contrast with the vibrant and carefree presence of the girls. Sammy sees them as symbols of freedom and desires to have the same liberation in his own life.

The girls' presence also triggers a transformation in Sammy's attitude towards them. Initially, he objectifies them and indulges in his own fantasies. However, when he witnesses the inappropriate behavior of another employee towards the girls, Sammy empathizes with them and sees them as human beings rather than objects of desire. This leads him to stand up for the girls and confront his manager.

By quitting his job, Sammy asserts his independence and refuses to conform to societal norms. He recognizes that he alone has the power to determine his own fate. This act of self-liberation marks his growth and maturity as he chooses to pursue a more meaningful and honest life.

In conclusion, John Updike's A&P explores themes of transformation and growth through the story of Sammy. The setting of the grocery store reflects Sammy's dissatisfaction with his life, while the presence of the girls triggers his transformation. By quitting his job, Sammy asserts his independence and embraces the uncertainties of the future. A&P remains a relevant piece of literature that challenges societal norms and encourages individuals to seek their own path.

1. John Updike. "A&P."