Car Safety Measures and Physics

In the video the car hit the wall, in physics it means the dummy will resist the change in motion, and unless something else stops it first, the dummy will crash in to the object. Momentum steps in in the scene, since the car is very heavy and its velocity is quite fast therefore it has a great source of momentum, the formula of momentum is P=mv. Since this there are two types of collision, elastic and inelastic.

Elastic collisions are collisions in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. The total system kinetic energy before the collision equals the total system kinetic energy after the collision. Video here is inelastic, occurs when the momentum remains the same but the total kinetic energy changes before and after collision, they don’t separate. But in this case its Inelastic, the video represents everything.

Physics Principles

In this video there is a dummy in the Car driving then suddenly crash to the wall. In the first law, the absence of external forces, an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion with a constant velocity.

Since there is unbalanced force acting on the car, it will not maintain its motion and will immediately decelerate to rest. The passenger will share the same state motion of the car. The passenger and the car will decelerate as one body.

Second law describes that the force that the driver hits that object is based off their mass and acceleration of the car. In the video eventually, the driver will come in contact with another object (airbag).The constant of proportionality is the dummy’s, mass, therefore mathematically,

F=ma, where F is the force acting on the dummy, m is mass and a is acceleration.

Third law shows here that airbags are created to absorb the force that your body would apply on the airbag in a car crash.

In every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. If this law did not exist, therefore the car will not be damaged at all. All these laws must be respected in order for you to get respected as well.

Car Safety Features

Physics Concepts

Seat belts and airbags are your last hope in accidents, seat belts safely provide an outside force that can stop down your body when the car stops or slow down airbags work by increasing the time of impact and decreasing the force of impact thus stopping the dummy from getting hurt and being killed.

With no seatbelt to stop the driver with the car, the driver flies free until stopped suddenly by impact on the steering column, windshield, etc. With no seatbelt to stop the driver with the car, the driver flies free until stopped suddenly by impact on the steering column, windshield, etc. The stopping distance is estimated to be about one fifth of that with a seatbelt, causing the average impact force to be about five times as great. The work done to stop the driver is equal to the average impact force on the driver times the distance traveled in stopping. When a seat belt is not used, the passenger will tend to continue with their state of motion. Thus, they will be propelled from the automobile and then be hurled onto the air. Impulse played an important role in the video, the seatbelts and the airbag. Understanding impulse, impulse is caused by a force during a specific time interval is equal to the body’s change of momentum during that time interval: impulse, effectively, is a measure of change in momentum. Impulse can choose force or time, if time is big so as impulse, if force is big so as impulse. Airbags lessens the time of the face to hit the steering wheel while seatbelts are to prevent reaching a distance that you are supposed to be crash.

Physics Principles

In the first law it states that this law is best exemplified when driving trucks or cars. As a matter of fact, a body’s tendency to continue moving is a very common cause of various transportation injuries. For example, let us consider a case where a car accidentally collides with a stationary wall. When a car collides with a wall, an external and unbalanced force acts on the car, which leads to the car being abruptly decelerated to rest. All other passengers inside the car are also decelerated to rest in case they are buckled up. When you are tightly strapped to car, you will also be in the same motion state as the car.

When a car accelerates, passengers will tend to accelerate with it. When it decelerates, passengers also decelerate with it. If the car is going at a constant speed, the passengers will also maintain the same constant speed.

Should a car stop abruptly after a collision with the wall, the passengers won’t be sharing the same motion state as the car. Using seat belts ensures that there are necessary forces to accelerate or even decelerate motion. Second law states that an objected acted upon by the force will undergo acceleration in such a way that the force equals the mass multiplied by acceleration. Mathematically, this is represented as F=ma. In other words, it states that the force that is applied in the crash is proportional to mass of impacting cars. This means that the bigger the force of impacting cars, the bigger the force applied, which implies a greater destruction. The reverse is also true. If the mass of the impacting vehicles is smaller, less force will be applied, meaning less destruction in general. Last but not the least the third law,

This law states that action and reaction are equal and opposite. In short, for every action, there will be an equal opposite reaction. The law is about conservation of energy and also mentions contribution of force. Essentially, a force is defined as a push or a pull on a certain object and this is due to interaction with that object. In the context of a car accident, it means that the force that a car crashes into a wall leads to the wall exerting same amount of force upon the bonnet, which results to damage. The forces’ direction will also be opposite.

Impacts of Features on the Safety of Passengers

Front airbags have been standard on all new cars since 1998 and light trucks since 1999. Most vehicles had them even before then. Crash sensors connected to an onboard computer detect a frontal collision and trigger the bags. The bags inflate in a few milliseconds — the blink of an eye — then immediately start deflating.

While airbags have saved thousands of lives, they also have the potential to cause injury or even death to children or to occupants who aren’t using a seatbelt. Children under 12 should be seated in the rear in an appropriate restraint system and rear-facing child seats should never be installed in front seats equipped with airbags.

Adaptive, or dual-stage front airbags, introduced in 2003, became standard across the board by the 2007 model year. Most airbag systems now detect the presence, weight, and seat position for the driver and front passenger, and deactivate or de-power front airbags as appropriate to minimize the chance of injury to drivers positioned close to the wheel, out-of-position occupants or children.

Side airbags. Torso protecting side-impact airbags for front-seat passengers are also nearly universal, and some automakers offer side airbags for rear-seat passengers, as well. Side airbags are fairly small cushions that pop out of the door trim or the side of the seatback. They help protect the torso, but most aren’t effective in protecting the head. Nearly all new models today also include additional "side curtain" bags that deploy from above the windows and cover both front and rear side windows to prevent occupants from hitting their heads and to shield them from flying debris. A curtain bag often also stays ‘inflated’ longer in most cases to also keep people from being ejected during a rollover or a high-speed side crash. The better head-protection systems deploy the side-curtain bags if the system detects that the vehicle is beginning to roll over,

Electronic stability control (ESC) takes traction control a step further. This system helps keep the vehicle on its intended path during a turn, to avoid sliding or skidding. It uses a computer linked to a series of sensors—detecting wheel speed, steering angle, sideways motion, and yaw (rotation). If the car drifts outside the driver’s intended path, the stability-control system momentarily brakes one or more wheels and, depending on the system, reduces engine power to pull the car back on course.

Impacts of Features Upon Damage to Vehicles

Modern cars protect drivers and passengers in frontal, rear and offset crashes by using crumple zones to absorb crash energy. This means that the car absorbs the impact of the crash, not the driver or passengers.

Crash test research has shown that this can reduce injury to the passenger. Modern cars are equipped with large bumpers made of relatively soft materials, so that the front and the rear sections will crumple into a controllable size during a crash. The "crumple zones" reduce much of the impact force by lengthening the impact time. Old cars have poor crumple zones, so they decelerate extremely rapidly in a crash and exert an enormous force on the passengers. That is why passengers in an old car suffer from more serious injuries in a traffic accident.

The passenger section is between the front and the rear sections of a car. The bumpers in the front and the rear section are designed to protect the passenger section. Modern cars have a very strong and rigid passenger section which can withstand high energy load in a crash. Some cars have steel tubes embedded inside the doors to protect passengers against a side-on collision.

Car manufacturers are developing a new technology that can make a car crumple in a progressive manner. Physics principles can help scientists to understand how accidents happen, so they improve car safety.

Conclusion

All in all, three laws are presented in the video, the car is a good example of three laws. Whenever you feel a bad feeling (drunk, depressed, etc.) don’t drive this can increase the risk of killing yourself. Force is always force, as we understand the third law, the force you have given is also the force that you have received, all of these are highly great observation and knowledge by Isaac newton. These laws are everywhere, also these laws, must be respected in order for your butts to be respected as well, just a full understating of physics can also lead us to safety.

Thanks to Isaac we have a great lesson to be learned, physicist are born, science and mathematics teachers are born as well and Isaac quote "If I have done the public any service, it is due to my patient thought." understanding physics needs to have a great patience to understand this.