Conformity and Non-conformity in "The Outsiders"

Conformity is a prevalent and complex theme in S.E. Hinton's novel, "The Outsiders." Set in the 1960s, the story follows a group of teenagers from different social classes who navigate the challenges of conformity and non-conformity. Through the characters' actions and experiences, Hinton explores the consequences of conforming to societal expectations and the power of individuality. This essay will analyze the theme of conformity in "The Outsiders," examining how it affects the characters' identities and relationships, and ultimately argue that the novel suggests that conformity can be detrimental to personal growth and authentic self-expression.

The Definition of Conformity in "The Outsiders"

Throughout "The Outsiders," Hinton presents conformity as the act of adhering to societal norms and expectations. The Greasers, a group of lower-class teenagers, are often seen as outsiders due to their nonconforming behavior and appearance. They are frequently judged and marginalized by the Socs, the wealthier and more socially accepted group. However, even within the Greasers, conformity plays a role. Ponyboy Curtis, the protagonist, initially conforms to his gang's identity, embracing their values and lifestyle. He dresses like a Greaser, fights with rival gangs, and rejects the mainstream culture. This conformity allows Ponyboy to fit in and feel a sense of belonging within his community.

Conversely, non-conformity in "The Outsiders" is characterized by the rejection of societal expectations and the assertion of individuality. Characters like Dallas Winston and Johnny Cade demonstrate non-conformity through their refusal to adhere to the Greasers' code of violence. They prioritize their own moral compasses and choose not to conform to the expectations set by their peers. Their non-conformist nature challenges the notion that conformity is the only path to acceptance and belonging.

Consequences of Conformity

The novel highlights the negative consequences of conformity on the characters' identities and relationships. One notable example is Ponyboy's conformity to the Greasers' lifestyle. While it initially provides him with a sense of belonging, Ponyboy soon realizes the limitations and dangers of conforming to the gang's expectations. His conformity restricts his personal growth and narrows his perspective on life. As Ponyboy reflects on his conformity, he states, "I'm sick of all this, sick of being a Greaser, sick of acting like I thought I was so tough, sick of not having anything to retaliate with" (Hinton, 68). This quote reveals Ponyboy's dissatisfaction with conforming to the Greasers' code and his desire to break free from their limitations.

Furthermore, conformity within the Greasers leads to strained relationships and internal conflicts. The pressure to conform to the gang's norms causes tension between Ponyboy and his older brother, Darry. Darry constantly pushes Ponyboy to conform to societal expectations and act responsibly. This pressure creates a rift between them, as Ponyboy resents Darry's attempts to control his life. The novel illustrates the detrimental impact of conformity on familial bonds and the individual's sense of self.

Embracing Non-Conformity and Self-Expression

As the novel progresses, Hinton emphasizes the importance of embracing non-conformity and authentic self-expression. Through Johnny and Dallas, the narrative suggests that breaking free from conformity leads to personal growth and a deeper understanding of oneself. Johnny's act of self-defense against the Socs, which ultimately results in the death of one of the attackers, forces him to confront the consequences of his actions and question the morality of violence. This experience prompts Johnny to reject the Greasers' code of violence and seek a more peaceful way of life.

Similarly, Dallas's character arc demonstrates the liberating power of non-conformity. While initially portrayed as a hardened and rebellious outsider, Dallas undergoes a transformation when he saves Ponyboy and Johnny from a dangerous situation. This act of selflessness reveals Dallas's capacity for compassion and challenges the stereotype of the Greasers as violent troublemakers. Dallas's non-conformist behavior allows him to break free from the constraints of his gang's expectations and embrace a more compassionate and selfless identity.

Conclusion

In conclusion, "The Outsiders" explores the theme of conformity and non-conformity through the lens of the Greasers' experiences. The novel suggests that conformity can be detrimental to personal growth and authentic self-expression. Characters like Ponyboy, Johnny, and Dallas navigate the tension between conforming to societal expectations and asserting their individuality. By embracing non-conformity and rejecting the limitations imposed by conformity, these characters find greater fulfillment and understanding of themselves. "The Outsiders" serves as a reminder of the importance of staying true to one's own values and beliefs, even in the face of societal pressure.

Bibliography

Hinton, S.E. The Outsiders. Penguin Books, 1967.