Critical Response on The Film Gattaca

Introduction

The film Gattaca is a futuristic movie released in 1997. Written and directed by Andrew Niccol, the movie explores a world where children are conceived genetically, using only the best genetic materials of their parents. One of the main characters, Vincent, is the only one conceived naturally, and his genetic profile predicts future diseases, a short life expectancy, and other "invalid" traits. Throughout the movie, Vincent works hard to overcome his genetic discrimination by adopting the genetic identity of Jerome, a genetically engineered individual who failed to live up to his potential.

Vincent’s Journey and Genetic Discrimination

Vincent's parents were informed of his genetic "invalidity" moments after his birth through a genetic blood test: "neurological condition, 60 percent probability. Manic depression, 42 percent probability. Attention deficit disorder, 89 percent probability. Heart disorder… 99 percent probability. Early fatal potential. Life expectancy: 30.2 years." This stark contrast becomes apparent when Vincent’s brother, Anton, is genetically engineered for perfection. Despite his natural limitations, Vincent’s determination shines through during a pivotal moment when he outswims Anton, marking a turning point in their dynamic.

Genetically Engineered Characters and Their Struggles

Jerome, Irene, and Anton, three of the main characters, were all genetically engineered. Each faces different challenges within the confines of their genetic identities. Irene, content with her minor heart condition, lacks the ambition to push beyond her genetic potential. In contrast, Vincent, driven by his desire to travel to space, assumes Jerome’s genetic identity and works tirelessly to achieve his dreams. His efforts highlight the film's central theme: the inequities of a society driven by genetic determinism.

The World of Gattaca

In the film, genetic inheritance defines societal roles. Valid citizens, who are genetically engineered, occupy elite positions, while invalids like Vincent are relegated to menial jobs. Despite his aspirations, Vincent is barred from pursuing his dream of space travel due to his invalid status: "No matter how much I trained or studied, the best test score in the world wasn't gonna matter unless I had the blood test to go with it." This systemic discrimination reflects the profound impact of genetic determinism.

Vincent’s Struggle and Determination

Vincent’s journey at Gattaca highlights his resilience. He takes great risks impersonating Jerome and works harder than his colleagues to evade detection. His determination to excel despite his genetic limitations challenges the notion that potential is solely dictated by genetics. Even Dr. Lamar, who recognizes Vincent’s efforts, ultimately validates his status, symbolizing the triumph of human spirit over genetic determinism.

Ethical Implications of Genetic Engineering

The film raises profound ethical questions about genetic engineering. Vincent’s parents, seeking to ensure their second child’s health, consult a geneticist who eradicates potentially prejudicial conditions like myopia and alcoholism. While genetic engineering offers the promise of eliminating congenital diseases, it also prompts ethical concerns. Is it right to alter what nature has given us? Does genetic manipulation compromise free will and individuality?

Parallels with Literature

The film parallels literary works like The Birth-Mark by Nathaniel Hawthorne, where Aylmer uses science to remove Georgiana’s birthmark, seeking perfection. Similarly, Vincent alters his identity to conform to societal standards. Additionally, in The Science of Happiness by Stephen Braun, the pursuit of happiness through scientific means mirrors Vincent’s efforts to transcend his genetic limitations.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Gattaca explores a world where genetic determinism governs societal roles, highlighting the struggles and ethical dilemmas of a genetically engineered society. Through Vincent’s journey, the film challenges the notion that potential is solely defined by genetics, advocating for the resilience and determination of the human spirit.