Dr. Faustus Vs Mephistophilus: Struggle of Opposites

Introduction

Christopher Marlowe's timeless masterpiece, "The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus," delves deep into the complex relationship between the titular character, Dr. Faustus, and the devil, Mephastophilis. This multifaceted connection is marked by Faustus' profound reliance on his infernal counterpart, Mephastophilis, and a reciprocal sense of possession that inadvertently unveils Mephastophilis' inner turmoil and longing. This essay aims to comprehensively explore the intricate dynamics of their association, with a keen focus on the power imbalance between them, the emotional nuances that arise, and how Mephastophilis' character is revealed through his interactions with Faustus.

The Power Imbalance

To comprehend the intricacies of the relationship between Faustus and Mephastophilis, one must first acknowledge the apparent power imbalance between them. While Mephastophilis is technically bound to serve Faustus under their diabolical contract, the reality is quite the opposite. Faustus finds himself entirely reliant on the devil for the manifestation of his newfound powers. Faustus himself candidly admits to this dependency when he boldly proclaims, "By him (Mephastophilis) I'll be a great emperor of the world." This statement underscores that Faustus' grand aspirations are only attainable through the agency of his demonic companion. In essence, it is Mephastophilis who performs every act of magic on Faustus' behalf, rendering the doctor powerless without his infernal assistance. Whether it involves making Faustus invisible to harass the pope or summoning historical figures and altering the very seasons, Faustus remains reliant on Mephastophilis' abilities rather than his own. Consequently, this dependence trivializes Faustus' pact with Lucifer, as he essentially forfeits his soul for the limited service of a devil, rather than achieving the grand omnipotence he initially sought. Faustus' only semblance of authority lies in his control over Mephastophilis, though even this authority is constrained by the spirit's ultimate allegiance to Lucifer. Lucifer's prohibitions on granting Faustus a wife or discussing divine matters serve as stark reminders of Faustus' limitations and his enslavement to a demon. However, it is this very dependence that forms an unanticipated bond between Faustus and his "Sweet Mephastophilis."

The Emotional Bond

While their relationship may not be overtly romantic, there exists an emotional connection that transcends the conventional master-servant dynamic. When Mephastophilis instructs Faustus to seal their pact in blood by cutting his arm, Faustus fervently declares,

"...for love of thee, I cut my arm."

This statement hints at an emotional attachment, albeit one primarily driven by Faustus' insatiable thirst for power rather than genuine affection for Mephastophilis' character. Surprisingly, Mephastophilis reciprocates this sentiment when Faustus expresses his desire for a wife, responding with,

"If thou lovest me, think no more of it."

Although Faustus' love for Mephastophilis is primarily rooted in the power he wields, it elicits possessiveness and genuine concern in both parties. Mephastophilis appears eager to ensure Faustus' satisfaction, guiding him through Rome and diligently safeguarding his sleep. When an intruder disrupts Faustus, it is Mephastophilis who adeptly manages the situation, further underscoring the depth of their connection. This connection is further accentuated by Mephastophilis' empathetic plea to Faustus, cautioning him about the dire consequences of his choices. Mephastophilis' compassion emerges from his own experience of eternal damnation, rendering him uniquely qualified to understand Faustus' precarious position teetering between salvation and perdition.

Mephastophilis' Complex Character

The interactions between Faustus and Mephastophilis offer an intriguing lens through which to examine the complexity of the latter's character. Initially introduced as a malevolent devil, Mephastophilis gradually reveals layers of compassion and empathy through his interactions with Faustus. Faustus, driven by his insatiable thirst for power, becomes increasingly dependent on Mephastophilis, thereby forging an emotional connection that unveils the profound sentiments harbored by both characters.

Mephastophilis' momentary despair during a crucial moment underscores the depth of his character. Fetching coals to thin Faustus' blood, he momentarily despairs, exclaiming,

"Oh what will not I do to obtain his soul!"

This poignant outburst exposes the bleakness of Mephastophilis' existence, as he is compelled to perform seemingly menial tasks for a mortal, all in pursuit of an insignificant soul destined for damnation. Through this act, he recognizes the hollowness of Faustus' desires, which, in truth, do not warrant eternal torment – a fate that Mephastophilis intimately comprehends. Despite his unwavering commitment to Lucifer's service, Mephastophilis is morally conflicted and emotionally burdened. He remains bound by duty, unable to dissuade Faustus further, even though his momentary despair reveals the profound complexity of his character.

Mephastophilis' compassion and yearning for salvation emerge most strikingly during a poignant plea to Faustus. He warns Faustus about the irrevocable consequences of his choices, making a heartfelt appeal:

"O Faustus, leave these frivolous demands, / Which strike a terror to my fainting soul."

This plea might initially appear uncharacteristic for a denizen of hell. Still, it underscores Mephastophilis' unique understanding of Faustus' precarious position between paradise and eternal damnation. His plea reflects a deep-seated empathy for Faustus, rooted in the shared knowledge of their impending doom. Mephastophilis is essentially offering Faustus a chance to change his course, highlighting the fact that if he could reverse his own decision to renounce God, he would undoubtedly do so, for the cost of eternal damnation proved far too steep. Tragically, Faustus remains blinded by pride and fails to heed this heartfelt warning. Instead, he embarks on the same path toward damnation that Mephastophilis himself had chosen in the past.

Conclusion

In "The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus," Mephastophilis emerges as a character of remarkable depth and complexity. While initially introduced as a malevolent devil, his interactions with Faustus unveil layers of compassion, empathy, and moral conflict within him. Faustus, driven by his unquenchable thirst for power, becomes increasingly dependent on Mephastophilis, thus forging an emotional connection that reveals profound sentiments harbored by both characters. Mephastophilis' momentary despair poignantly exposes the bleakness of his existence and his deep-seated yearning for salvation, offering a unique perspective on his character. Through the lens of this intricate relationship, Marlowe's play transcends time, shedding light on fundamental aspects of the human condition, such as the consequences of unchecked ambition and the complexities of morality. In doing so, "The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus" becomes a timeless exploration of human nature and the enduring consequences of temptation.