The Presentation of National Identity During The London Olympics in 2012 and The Commonwealth Games in 2014

A fundamental question that arises in discussions of culture and society is: what defines national identity? Is it the language people speak, the way they express themselves, or perhaps the unique characteristics that distinguish a nation? The Oxford Dictionary describes nationalism as the identification with one’s own nation and support for its interests, often to the exclusion of others. This notion invites a closer examination of how nationalism is expressed through various forms of performance. This essay will compare and contrast the representation of nationalism and national identity during the London Olympics in 2012 and the Commonwealth Games in 2014, focusing primarily on their opening ceremonies.

National Identity in the London Olympics 2012

The London Olympic opening ceremony, directed by Danny Boyle, was a grand spectacle that showcased various segments reflecting different eras of British history over its three-hour duration. Notable elements included representations of the Industrial Revolution, the NHS, Shakespeare, and an unexpected appearance by Queen Elizabeth II. Each of these segments contributed to a multifaceted portrayal of British national identity, yet one must ask how accurately they encapsulate what it means to be British.

The NHS, established in 1948, was prominently featured in the ceremony. This institution is often viewed as a cornerstone of British identity, providing free healthcare and uniting the nation. Boyle emphasized this point, stating that the NHS is fundamental to the British ethos. It was highlighted in the ceremony with the recreation of the letters "NHS," symbolizing national pride in this social service.

William Shakespeare, born in Stratford-upon-Avon, is another pillar of British culture. His works not only attract global tourism to The Globe Theatre but are also integral to educational curricula worldwide. Shakespeare’s influence extends beyond literature, embodying a significant aspect of British identity.

The presence of Queen Elizabeth II in the ceremony added a royal touch that many associate with British heritage. Her unexpected appearance alongside James Bond, culminating in a skydiving stunt, was a last-minute addition that surprised both the audience and the royal family. Boyle aimed to present the Queen in a less formal light, reinforcing her role as a cultural icon.

The Industrial Revolution, a critical period from the 1760s to the 1840s, was depicted through elaborate set designs and performances. While it signifies innovation and progress, it also serves as a reminder of the harsh realities faced by the working class during this time. This duality raises questions about the complexities of national identity and the narratives we choose to celebrate.

National Identity in the Commonwealth Games 2014

In contrast, the Commonwealth Games opening ceremony in Glasgow, directed by David Zolkwer, was on a smaller scale yet rich in Scottish cultural elements. The ceremony began with Scottish actor Ewan McGregor, who introduced a partnership with UNICEF aimed at benefitting children across Scotland and the Commonwealth. This initiative, encapsulated by the slogan "Put Children First," resulted in substantial donations, showcasing a commitment to social responsibility.

One of the highlights of the ceremony was the inclusion of Nessie, the Loch Ness Monster, a figure steeped in Scottish folklore. This mythical creature symbolizes the mystery and allure of Scotland, making it a fitting representation of Scottish identity.

Additionally, the ceremony featured the beloved Tunnock’s Teacakes, which were presented in a humorous manner. Zolkwer noted that the event aimed to playfully subvert clichés about national pride, opting for a more tongue-in-cheek representation of Scottish culture.

Traditional Scottish Highland dancing and a performance by the Scottish Ballet were also integral parts of the ceremony, emphasizing the rich cultural heritage of Scotland. Highland dancing is a cherished tradition, often associated with local competitions, while the Scottish Ballet reflects the artistic spirit of the nation.

Comparative Analysis of National Identity Representation

While both ceremonies aimed to celebrate national identity, they approached this goal in distinct ways. The London Olympics focused on a broader British identity, incorporating elements from all four nations, while the Commonwealth Games centered predominantly on Scottish identity. The table below summarizes key differences and similarities between the two events:

Despite their differences, both ceremonies successfully showcased their respective national identities to a global audience. The London Olympics portrayed a cohesive British identity through its diverse segments, while the Commonwealth Games celebrated Scotland’s unique cultural contributions. Both events emphasized the importance of sport as a unifying force, highlighting the shared values and aspirations of their respective nations.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the opening ceremonies of the London Olympics 2012 and the Commonwealth Games 2014 serve as compelling representations of national identity through theatrical performance. While the former emphasized a broad British identity, the latter focused on the unique aspects of Scottish culture. Both events successfully engaged audiences and generated significant economic benefits, proving that national identity can be expressed in diverse and innovative ways. Ultimately, these ceremonies reflect the rich tapestry of cultural heritage that defines both Britain and Scotland.

References:

1. Edmonds, L. (2014). Meet the Commonwealth Games: Danny Boyle, the Man Behind the Glasgow Opening Ceremony. Dailymail.co.uk.
2. Freedland, J. (2013). Danny Boyle: Champion of the People. The Guardian.
3. Gardner, L. (2014). Commonwealth Games Opening Ceremony Review – No Lack of Heart but a Lack of Oomph. The Guardian.
4. Oxford Dictionaries. (2018). Definition of Nationalism.
5. International Olympic Committee. (2018). London 2012 Summer Olympics - Results & Video Highlights.
6. Glasgow 2014. Commonwealth Games. (2018). Official Website.