Glimpses of Society: Symbolism in "The Outsiders"

Written by S.E. Hinton, "The Outsiders" is a coming-of-age novel set in Tulsa, Oklahoma, during the 1960s. Beyond its captivating storyline and memorable characters, this literary work is rich in symbolism, which serves to enhance the reader's understanding of the themes and social dynamics portrayed. From symbolic colors to significant objects, this essay explores the wide range of symbolism found within "The Outsiders" and the deeper meanings they convey.

Symbolic Colors: Divisions and Unity

Color symbolism plays a fundamental role in "The Outsiders," illustrating the stark divisions and unexpected unity within society. Hinton skillfully employs colors to differentiate between the rival gangs, the Socs and the Greasers. The Socs, who represent the privileged upper class, are associated with cool hues such as blue and silver, evoking a sense of detachment and unattainability. In contrast, the Greasers, the working-class protagonists, are often depicted in warm earth tones like brown and red, symbolizing their gritty reality and intense emotions.

However, the color symbolism in "The Outsiders" extends beyond societal divisions. The pivotal character Johnny Cade, for instance, is frequently described as having "jet-black hair" and "black eyes." This darkness signifies his troubled past and the burden he carries, while also symbolizing the hidden depths of his personality. In the same vein, Ponyboy Curtis, the novel's narrator, is named after a breed of pony - a symbol of innocence and freedom. This choice of name highlights Ponyboy's longing for a life unburdened by societal expectations, juxtaposing his reality as a Greaser.

In addition to colors, significant objects in "The Outsiders" serve as powerful symbols of identity and belonging. The switchblade, a constant presence throughout the novel, reflects the harsh nature of the Greaser lifestyle and their constant need for protection. It symbolizes the tough exterior that the Greasers must maintain to survive in their tumultuous world.

Another object with profound symbolism is the church on Jay Mountain. As a sanctuary for Ponyboy and Johnny during their time on the run, it represents a temporary respite from the harsh realities of their lives. The church becomes a symbol of hope, belonging, and the desire for redemption, offering a glimpse of a life outside the constraints of their social class.

Furthermore, the notion of a 'rumble' as both a noun and a verb holds significant symbolic weight in the novel. On one hand, a rumble symbolizes the physical confrontations between the Socs and the Greasers, representing the violent clash between the different social classes. On the other hand, 'to rumble' also represents the act of understanding and empathizing with others, breaking down the barriers that divide society. This duality underscores the central theme of bridging societal divides and finding common ground despite external differences.

Conclusion

"The Outsiders" employs a range of rich symbolism to enhance its portrayal of societal divisions and the characters' search for identity and belonging. Color symbolism, conveyed through contrasting hues associated with the rival gangs, reflects the social chasm between the privileged Socs and the marginalized Greasers. Additionally, significant objects such as the switchblade, the church on Jay Mountain, and the concept of a 'rumble' all serve as powerful symbols, illuminating the characters' struggles and desires. Through these various symbols, S.E. Hinton crafts a narrative that not only captivates readers but also encourages them to ponder the complexities of society and the importance of understanding beyond surface appearances.