Great Plains of Northern India

The Great plain of Northern India lies on the south of the Himalayas. It is, indeed, limited by the Himalayas on the north and the Deccan level on the south. This plain extends for around 2,400 km from east to west and 200 to 400 km from north to south. It covers a territory of around 580,000 sq. km.

The Great plain of Northern India was framed by the silt brought around the Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra and their tributaries and it is famously known as the Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra plain. Geologists recommend that there was a shallow trough or geosyncline in the middle of the Himalayas and the Deccan level amid the last geographical time of the development of the Himalayas. After the upliftment of the Himalayas, residue and flotsam and jetsam brought around the streams, started to collect there to shape the tremendous alluvial plain of northern India. This broad plain is level and dreary; it is described by some neighborhood decent varieties. Subsequently, it might be classi¬fied into three divisions:

1. The Punjab plain depleted by the Indus.
2. The Ganga plain depleted by the Ganga.
3. The Brahmaputra valley depleted by the Brahmaputra.

The Western piece of the Northern plain is known as the Punjab plain. The plain is depleted by the Indus and its tributaries, for example, the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi. Just a piece of the Indus bowl lies in India. The plain slants delicately down towards the south-west; thus the waterways take after the slant of the land. The plain is for the most part made of sediments. The dirt is permeable. The plain that is framed by the statement of new alluvium close to the stream banks is called Bet. Vast rock, rock, sand and earth cover the foot-slope areas of the Punjab plain and they are known as 'Bhabar' plain or bhabar soil. This dirt can't hold water. The new alluvium kept close to the waterway banks of these streams shapes a plain called Bet.

The real part of the Great Indian Plain comprises of tile Ganga bowl. It reaches out from the eastern edge of the Punjab in the west to Bangladesh fringe in the east. This is a broad plain enveloping states, for example, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. It is depleted by the waterways, for example, Yamuna, Ganga, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi and Tista from the Himalayas in the north and Chambal, Betwa, Son and Damodar from the level in the south. The whole area slants towards south and south-east. It is repetitive alluvial plain with little undulation. The lower compasses of the Ganga plain are somewhat over the ocean level; in any case, the upper part ascends to 200 meters. The Ganga frames an extraordinary delta on its mouth. Its deltaic part displays the three particular highlights of delta arrangement, for example, the mori-bund delta, develop delta and dynamic delta.

The Ganga plain is the most crowded piece of India. Individuals of this plain are essentially occupied with agribusiness. Exchange, industry and trade are additionally prosperous. This plain might be separated into three areas:

1. Upper Ganga plain: It extends from the Yamuna stream in the west to Allahabad city in the east,
2. Center Ganga plain: It extends from Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh) in the west to Rajmahal slope in the east,
3. Lower Ganga plain: It extends from Rajmahal slope to the Bay of Bengal.

The Brahmaputra Valley lies in the north-eastern piece of the nation and is trimmed between the Arunachal Himalayas on the north and the Meghalaya Plateau on the south. The valley introduces a level plain. It is framed by the flotsam and jetsam brought around waterway Brahmaputra and its countless tributaries. The plain from time to time transcends 100 meters over the ocean level and slants delicately towards the west. Scopes of slopes are discovered remaining on the two sides of the waterway. Multitudinous Sandbars and islets are found on the Brahmaputra and the stream streams out in various channels maintaining a strategic distance from deterrents of sandbar. Majuli Island is by a long shot the biggest sandbar at any point shaped on some other stream bed on the planet. The green Brahmaputra Valley is noted for tea manor.