How Does Elizabeth Proctor Change in The Crucible?

Throughout Arthur Miller's play, The Crucible, the character of Elizabeth Proctor undergoes significant changes as she grapples with the consequences of her husband's affair and her own moral dilemmas. Initially portrayed as a stoic and reserved woman, Elizabeth transforms into a more assertive and self-aware individual, ultimately emerging as a symbol of strength and resilience. This essay will explore the various ways in which Elizabeth Proctor changes throughout the play, analyzing her character development and its implications within the context of the Salem witch trials.

Elizabeth's Concealed Emotions

At the beginning of the play, Elizabeth Proctor is depicted as a character who conceals her emotions, particularly in response to her husband's affair with Abigail Williams. Her initial reaction is one of stoicism and silence, as she struggles to come to terms with her husband's betrayal. This is evident when she tells John, "I do not judge you... I have no judge" (Miller 59). Elizabeth's refusal to openly express her feelings not only highlights her internal struggle, but also reflects the societal expectations placed upon women in Puritan society. Women were expected to maintain a composed facade and suppress their emotions.

However, as the play progresses, Elizabeth's demeanor begins to change. After being accused of witchcraft, she is faced with the decision of whether to lie and save her own life or maintain her integrity by telling the truth. This pivotal moment marks a turning point in Elizabeth's character development, as she chooses to uphold her principles and refuses to falsely confess. This newfound strength and integrity is an essential component of Elizabeth's transformation.

Elizabeth's Shift Towards Assertiveness

Elizabeth's transformation is further demonstrated through her shift towards assertiveness. In Act Two, she confronts her husband about his affair, demanding that he earn her trust once again. This assertiveness is a departure from her earlier reserved nature, indicating her growing self-awareness and determination to stand up for herself. Elizabeth's newfound assertiveness is also evident when she is brought to court to testify against her husband. Despite the intense pressure and the risk of further incriminating John, she remains truthful and refuses to falsely accuse others.

Moreover, Elizabeth's change in demeanor is not limited to her interactions with John or the court. She also exhibits assertiveness in her interactions with other characters, such as when she confronts Abigail Williams in Act Three. Elizabeth's assertive nature is evident when she declares, "Abigail, I have fought here three long years to bend these stiff-necked people to me, and now, just now when some good respect is rising for me in the parish, you compromise my very character" (Miller 102). This statement showcases Elizabeth's newfound confidence and her unwillingness to be silenced or manipulated.

Elizabeth's Transformation into a Symbol of Strength

As the play reaches its climax, Elizabeth's transformation into a symbol of strength becomes even more pronounced. Despite the overwhelming evidence against her, she remains resolute and refuses to let fear dictate her actions. Elizabeth's courage and resilience are encapsulated in her final act of sacrifice when she lies to protect John's reputation. This act not only represents her love for her husband, but also signifies her growth from a submissive and reserved woman to a strong and self-assured individual.

Elizabeth's change is also significant within the larger context of the Salem witch trials. The trials brought out the worst in many characters, leading to mass hysteria and the destruction of innocent lives. However, Elizabeth's transformation serves as a beacon of hope amidst the chaos. By choosing honesty and integrity over self-preservation, she becomes a symbol of resistance against the witch hunt mentality prevailing in Salem.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Elizabeth Proctor's character undergoes a profound transformation throughout the course of The Crucible. From initially concealing her emotions and adhering to societal expectations, she evolves into a strong, assertive, and principled woman. Elizabeth's journey from stoicism to resilience highlights not only her personal growth, but also her symbolic significance within the play. Her transformation serves as a reminder of the strength of character that can emerge even in the face of extreme adversity. Ultimately, Elizabeth Proctor's change represents the triumph of integrity and the enduring power of the human spirit.

Bibliography

Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. Penguin Classics, 2003.