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About this sample
About this sample
Words: 681 |
Page: 1|
4 min read
Published: May 7, 2019
Words: 681|Page: 1|4 min read
Published: May 7, 2019
Fish is considered one of the most nutritive and highly desirable foodstuffs because of its high nutritional value being rich in proteins, vitamins and unsaturated fatty acids. Fish and seafood constitute important food items for a large section of world population. Fish contains n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that are extremely important aspect for health-conscious people particularly in affluent countries where mortality due to cardiovascular disease is high. It is asserted that fish contributes about 60% of the world supply of protein. Fish contains higher amount of myofibrillar protein which is easily digestible compared to protein found from other sources. Fish are of great concern for export earnings because of their higher nutritive value, low cholesterol level and presence of essential amino acids. Bangladesh was the 5th in world aquaculture production, which accounted for half of the country’s total fish production in 2015-2016. A large of number of the population has been engaged directly or indirectly in fisheries sector. This sector contributes 3.65% to GDP and 1.97% to foreign exchange earnings through export. It is the second largest export industry in Bangladesh and produces 2.5 percent of the global production of shrimp.
Export of shrimp accounts 92% of the total export earning of fish and fishery products from Bangladesh. The export of fishery products such as frozen shrimp, dry fish, salted fish, fish maw, shark-fin, tortoise and turtles are increasingly emerging as a prominent economic activity in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is exporting frozen shrimp to about 40 countries of the world of which USA, Belgium, UK, Netherlands, Germany, Japan, France, Denmark, Vietnam, Russia and Italy are the top 10 buying countries. One core and 82 lakh people were directly and indirectly involved in fisheries sector as the source of earning in 2014-2015. In the year 2015-2016, total fish production was 38 million mt.tons and export earning was 4282 core tk. The inland fisheries contribute about 72% of the total catch and the remaining 28% comes from the marine fisheries, there are about 1093 marine aquatic organisms where 44.35% are finfish, 32.23% shellfish. There are about 173fish processing plants in Bangladesh which are mostly located in port cities (Khulna and Chittagong regions) of which 76 processing plants are EU approved.
Every year a huge amount of shrimps are rejected to export due to presence of pathogenic bacteria. It was due to inadequate fish storage facilities, limited use of ice to preserve the shrimp, improper and unhygienic handling of shrimp etc. could be considered as the factors that contributing to the occurrence of these pathogens. Moreover, the safe consumption of fish and fishery products requires adequate sanitary conditions from harvest to consumption.
Consumption of fish and shell fish may also cause illness due to infection or intoxication. Most of the foodborne illness is caused by Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli, usually related to fish consumption infected by those bacterial species especially Salmonella and E. coli. Salmonella infections in humans include mainly typhoid fever and these infections are commonly called as enteric fever which continues to be one of the most serious public health problems worldwide. Salmonella spp. in fresh water fishes has been usually related to the fecal contamination of water from where fish were harvested and the presence of higher level of Salmonella is fish causes salmonellasis in human producing several symptoms like diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Escherichia coli (E. coli) infects the intestine and causes several symptoms that range from non-presenting to severe. These can include-abdominal pain, watery diarrhoea, bright red bloody stools, nausea, in some cases fever, fatigue etc. Every year the fish and fishery products of Bangladesh had been rejected by the importing countries due to presence of Salmonella spp. and E. coli, though it is one of the most important sectors for earning foreign currency.
So, Salmonella and E. coli contamination in fish and fishery products is very alarming for human health as well as for export earnings. The present study was set mainly to assess the incidence level of Salmonella and E. coli contamination in fish farms and fish markets of Dinajpur district of Bangladesh.
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