Also considered the “Peace of Westphalia”, these were a series of peace treaties that effectively ended the European wars of religion and this negotiation took roughly 5 years. This was and still is a very significant treaty seeing as it ended the Thirty Years War...
This essay would be examining state consent under international law. Furthermore, it would also be examining how international law is grounded on the actual consent of state in the establishment of obligations, talking about the basic issues of consent under international law. Lastly, the essay...
Introduction Positivist thinkers has famously challenged the proposition that international law is actually law. John Austin questioned how international law could be regarded as law without a sovereign, and H.L.A. Hart claimed that international law is law, but one which is comprised of primary rules....
Facts Denmark, Netherlands, and Germany are positioned adjacently to the North Sea. Denmark and Netherlands, as members of the Geneva Convention of 1958, had adopted the equidistance principle to draw partial boundary lines. With the wish to make the partial boundaries concrete, Denmark and Netherlands...
In this case, R v Adomako (1995) reintroduced gross negligence homicide yet left helpful murder untouched. Past cases had preferred manslaughter in view of objective recklessness, for example, R v Lawrence[1] and Kong Cheuk Kwan v The Queen (1985)[2]. Gross negligence manslaughter relies upon the...
A large number of people are outside the extent of universal security as a result of these impediments and these lacks are tended to by the proposed meaning of refugee1, for example, abuse, enrollment in a specific social gathering, and political sentiment are characteristically vague....
The use of invading or attacking another nation pre-emptively has long been regarded as a contentious area in international law. Indeed, it has been questioned whether it should be regarded as pre-emptive self-defence or preventative self-defence but for the purpose of this essay pre-emptive self-defence...
The concept of Sameness, introduced in the book The Giver by Lois Lowry, has sparked a lot of debate among readers, educators, and scholars alike. Some argue that removing individuality, emotions, and pain from society creates a utopia, while others argue that it leads to...
Appeasement is a term that has been much debated in the context of international relations and diplomacy. It refers to the policy of making concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid conflict. This strategy has been the subject of much criticism, particularly in the...
Introduction Hard universalism, also known as absolutism, refers to the ethical perspective that asserts the existence of universal moral principles that apply to all individuals, regardless of context or situation. Unlike relativism, which suggests that moral values are context-dependent and subjective, hard universalism posits that...
