Iot Based Smart Health

IoT Based Smart Health

Internet of Things makes the smart objects one of the ultimate building blocks in development of smart systems. The Internet of Things has application has variety of domains, which includes healthcare as one of the primary domain. IoT has revolutionized our lives from technological to social prospects. New technologies have influenced many parts of our lives. Todays healthcare system has also recognized the advantages of using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve the quality of healthcare, turning traditional into smart healthcare. This paper presents basic insights into how IoT is been used in developing smart healthcare. Challenges like security, privacy, wearability etc are also presented. Index Terms— Internet of Things, Health monitoring, smart healthcare, sensors, medical devices

INTRODUCTION

The Internet of Things is the network of physical de- vices, vehicles, home appliances and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators and connectivity which enables these things to connect and exchange data. Internet of things represents a general concept for the ability of the network devices to connect with each other and collect data from world around us. The collected data can be shared over the internet and utilized for various purpose. Healthcare is essential part in our day to day life. Unfortunately, the increas- ing aging population and the related rise the chronic illness is placing a lot of pressure on our healthcare system. Demands for hospital beds to doctors and nurses is increasing. Therefore, a solution is required to reduce pressure on healthcare system. The primary purpose of the Internet of Technology in health- care is to connect doctors with patients through smart devices, without any restrictions. Patient might open up better, helping the doctor to diagnose faster. This leads to empowerment of the consumer, doctors can make informed decisions through better connectivity, precision centered monitoring and information gathering. IoT in healthcare has two main purpose. Improve disease management that provides better patient experience and reduce healthcare costs.

METHODOLOGY

Architecture of Healthcare in IoT A body sensor network is special designed network to operate independently to connect various medical devices to connect and monitor. The body sensor network consists of various medical sensors and implants that can be located inside or outside of the human body. An integral layer in IoT is to introduce smart connected devices that would monitor the health of the patients, collect data and warn the medical staff with any indication of impending disease or worsening of condition. Patients can wear these devices through medical staff can track patients health. This network of body sensors can be help in monitoring the at-risk patients and make precise decision which can help in avoiding frequent trip to emergency room. Multiservice gateways are used to manage the application remotely and to provide wireless connectivity. This helps in processing, data transfer and date aggregation for machine to machine solution. Application are built for both patient and the hospitals to collect and analyze the data. Multiservice gateways are a major help in keeping track of the patients condition. Routers are used for collecting the data which is then uploaded to the dedicated repository for data collection.

Integration Machine to machine is one of the fastest growing types of connected devices technologies currently. It can use sensors to communicate, which means system can monitor them- selves while responding to the surrounding environment. This technology requires much less of human intervention. It can collect patient specific data , transfer and analyze it right there and can provide decision faster. For example, if the patients vital signal drops, a device or sensor connected to the cloud can administer the oxygen and provide additional care until medical staff arrives. With the help of this technology patient can be given treatment when he is right at his home. Machine to machine is the perfect technology when patient communication is required. C. Report Generation, reminders/alert With machine to machine integration platform, the data thats collected, stored in the cloud can be used to analyze and checked for pattern. If a patient has a doctors appointment on a particular day, the device the would remind the patient, send notifications and reminder. Wearable device also reminds the patient to take the medicines through reminders/alerts.

DISCUSSION

Security Security of personal health information that is stored and transmitted by the connected devices is one of the main concerns while implementing smart health system. Attacks or breaches focus on mainly three targets. Web interfaces possesses several serious vulnerabilities. Various tools are available on web which can be used by the attackers to detect security gaps in web servers. IoT devices and database are vulnerable to security to breaches. The attacker might delete all information from the database and replace it with false information. Wireless technologies are more prone to tampering of data. This can be avoided by setting up user profiles with restricted access and permissions. Multi-factor authentication and data encryption can prevent data breaches. Run regular checks on the connected devices.

Multiple Device Integration Most prominent challenge is to setup protocols and stan- dards for multiple device integration. As various mobile de- vices are connected to the network for collection of data. As implementation of different protocols is different it results in complication for gathering data.

Inferring Results from Data The process of aggregating and collecting the data is very complex. Arriving at any conclusion from such huge amount of data is a very challenging task, without refined analytics program and data experts. Identifying the correct and valuable data is most challenging part which most medical experts and physicians find it most difficult. The decision making process is affected with the increasing amount of data. Concerns are becoming bigger and bigger as there are many devices that collect data continuously.

ADVANTAGES

Better Patient Engagement Patient engagement plays an important role in implemen- tation of value-based care program. With IoT, patients care track the of their own health data. This way the patient is aware in the progress he/she has made so far. Physicians and medical experts gets access to the real time data of the patients. There are many applications available in market which can be integrated with fitness tracking devices like Apple watch, Fitbit etc. These application can collect the real time data and send it to the medical staff for evaluation to improve healthcare services for patients.

Reduced Healthcare Cost Availability of real time data via wearable devices has made it possible for the medical staff to monitor patients health remotely. Doctors and patients do not need to meet physical. Text reminders/push notification based on the patients health. Application that help patients to follow instruction to take good care of themselves. Alerts for the medical staff about the patients critical condition, upcoming appointments. Such facilities and smart health applications helps to detect compli- cation at early stage, which leads to significant cost through reduced hospital readmission.

Better Chronic Care Management One of the most important aspects of chronic disease is continuous health check up and health assessment of patient. Doctors are more confident about remote patient monitoring and can monitor the health parameters more accurately.

Medicine Management IoT is wonders in medication management as well. We have smart health facilities to keep track of the medicines and autofill them whenever required. This smart technology collect the real time date and sends to application. The application keeps track of the missed dose and if there is any, reminders are sent in the form of text messages, phone calls or lights on bottle to the patients. This system is of great help in curing of chronic diseases.

Reduce Errors IoT allows for accurate collection of data, automation of workflow and reduces the error. It reduces waste by mini- mizing the unnecessary tests and expensive imaging required. Smart health provides connected home care which help in re- ducing hospital stays and re-admissions. Machine to Machine architecture allows the patient to be monitored in the comfort of their home. Variety of sensors are installed in the device which is kept beside the patient. The data gather by the devices and which is then monitored by a qualified hospital staff. Thus reducing the chances of error and improving the quality of service offered by the hospital.

Enhanced Patient Management IoT provide proactive and timely services. It places empha- sis on the needs of the patients. It provides improved accuracy and precision when it comes to diagnosis. Timely intervention by qualified medical staff results in enhanced treatment. Thus improving the patients experience with the hospital.

Improved Outcomes of Treatment Health care solutions make use of cloud or virtual infras- tructure which gives the medical staff the ability to access the real time data. This enables them to make informed decision and provide better treatment.

SMART HEALTH APPLICATIONS

IoT applications merit nearer consideration. It can be no- ticed that services are utilized to create applications, though applications are specifically utilized by clients and patients. Notwithstanding applications shrouded in this area, different devices, wearables, and other medicinal services gadgets right now accessible in the market are talked about. These items can be seen as IoT advancements that can prompt different health care solutions. The following subsections address different IoT-based human services applications, including both single and grouped condition applications.

Smart Glucose Level Sensing Blood glucose observing is a method for testing the satu- ration of glucose in the blood (glycemia). Especially essential in diabetes, a blood glucose test is ordinarily performed by puncturing the skin (commonly, on the finger) to draw blood, at that point applying the blood to an artificially dynamic ex- pendable ’test-strip’. A electrical device called blood glucose meter is used to measure glucose level in blood. A small drop of blood is placed on the test strip which is then inserted in the digital meter. Within a few seconds, the meter provides with result. Using the technology and mobility of your smart phone, the application will connect to your phone collect your data and share the results with doctors.

Heart Attack Emergency System A person is assigned a wearable technology which records regular data about the condition of heart. In case of an emergency such as a heart attack, the gadget would act as a sensor and notify the nearest hospital to send an ambulance and also help the hospital staff to make proper arrangements to treat the patient as soon as he arrives there. The sensor also sends current stream of data of the patients condition so that appropriate measures can be taken in order to modify the approach for treating the patient.

Wearable Gadgets for marathon runner When a marathon runner wears a wearable technology gadget such as FitBit, he is able to get all the data about his health conditions in real time during his run. In case a situation arises where his blood pressure changes drastically due to his run, he can take necessary actions by stopping the race and consulting a doctor. The runner will also get statistics about his blood sugar level and glucose level which can help in raising a red flag in case of any emergency. Therefore wearing a wearable technology gadget ensures the safety of marathon runner throughout his run.

CONCLUSION

Researchers across the world have started to explore various technological solutions which will help in improving the healthcare.In this paper, we have described what Internet of Things is and how is it getting used in the field of healthcare to ensure the safety of the actor involved. We got an understanding of the role Internet of Things is playing in the healthcare and what potential it holds for the future. We described various scenarios in which the wearable technology is getting used invarious aspects in healthcare industry.