Is Malcolm Macbeth a Good King

William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth explores the themes of ambition, power, and the consequences of unchecked ambition. At the heart of the play, we witness the rise and fall of Macbeth, a once noble and valiant warrior who succumbs to the temptations of power and becomes a tyrannical ruler. In contrast, Malcolm, the rightful heir to the throne, emerges as a potential savior and a beacon of hope for Scotland. This essay will argue that there is ample evidence to suggest that Malcolm will be a better king than Macbeth. By examining Malcolm's qualities, actions, and the consequences of his decisions, it becomes evident that he possesses the necessary traits and moral compass to lead with wisdom, fairness, and justice.

Malcolm's Qualities as a Potentially Good King

One of the key indicators of a good king is their ability to lead with wisdom and make sound judgments. Malcolm demonstrates this quality through his caution and skepticism. When he first meets Macduff, he tests his loyalty and trustworthiness, showing his astuteness in assessing people's intentions. This cautious approach ensures that he surrounds himself with loyal and worthy advisors, avoiding the pitfalls that befell Macbeth.

Furthermore, Malcolm displays a sense of justice and fairness, which are crucial qualities for a good ruler. In Act 4, Scene 3, Malcolm openly admits his flaws, stating, "I think our country sinks beneath the yoke; it weeps, it bleeds, and each new day a gash is added to her wounds" (4.3.39-41). This acknowledgment of the suffering of his people demonstrates his empathy and desire to rectify the wrongs committed by Macbeth's reign. Malcolm's commitment to justice is further emphasized when he pledges to restore order, stating, "The firstlings of my heart shall be / The firstlings of my hand" (4.3.144-145).

Moreover, Malcolm's qualities extend beyond his wisdom and sense of justice. He possesses the ability to inspire and rally his allies, which is crucial for a good leader. In Act 5, Scene 7, he delivers a rousing speech before the battle against Macbeth, exclaiming, "And what should else / That greatness not know itself, but by ambition, / And so, my lords, should I: which I would frame / So fairly that my large power would lack conscience" (5.7.2-5). This speech not only motivates his troops but also showcases his ability to articulate his vision and instill confidence in his followers.

Evidence of Malcolm's Potential as a Better King

While Macbeth's reign is marked by tyranny and chaos, Malcolm's ascension to the throne promises a return to stability and order. The consequences of Macbeth's actions and his disregard for the well-being of his people are evident throughout the play. The country is thrown into turmoil, and the natural order is disrupted. In contrast, Malcolm's commitment to justice, fairness, and his ability to inspire hope indicate that he will prioritize the welfare of his subjects and work towards restoring peace and prosperity.

Additionally, Malcolm's willingness to learn from the past and avoid repeating the mistakes of his predecessor is a significant indicator of his potential as a better king. In Act 4, Scene 3, he seeks guidance from Macduff, acknowledging his youth and inexperience. This humility and openness to advice demonstrate his willingness to listen and grow as a leader, a quality that is often lacking in rulers consumed by unchecked ambition.

Furthermore, Malcolm's lineage and rightful claim to the throne provide a strong foundation for his legitimacy as a king. As the son of Duncan, a respected and just ruler, Malcolm inherits the qualities necessary for effective governance. The restoration of a rightful ruler brings stability and a sense of continuity, crucial for a kingdom recovering from the chaos of Macbeth's reign.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the evidence clearly suggests that Malcolm possesses the qualities, moral compass, and potential to be a better king than Macbeth. His wisdom, sense of justice, ability to inspire, and commitment to rectifying the wrongs of the past make him a promising leader. By contrasting Macbeth's tyrannical rule with Malcolm's potential to restore stability and order, Shakespeare paints a picture of the consequences of unchecked ambition and the importance of virtuous leadership. Ultimately, Malcolm's ascension to the throne offers hope for Scotland's future and serves as a reminder of the qualities required for a good king.

Bibliography:

Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Edited by Robert S. Miola, Norton Critical Edition, W. W. Norton & Company, 2014.