Mary Shellys Use of Characterization in Frankenstein

Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley, is a novel that has captivated readers for centuries. Shelley's use of characterization in this novel is particularly noteworthy, as it adds depth and complexity to the story. Through her skillful portrayal of the characters, Shelley explores themes of ambition, responsibility, and the consequences of playing god. This essay will analyze Shelley's use of characterization in Frankenstein, highlighting the ways in which she develops her characters and the impact this has on the overall narrative.

One of the most prominent characters in Frankenstein is Victor Frankenstein himself. From the very beginning of the novel, Shelley presents Victor as a brilliant and ambitious young man, driven by his desire to unlock the secrets of life. This is evident in his statement, "A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me" (Shelley 36). Victor's ambition and thirst for knowledge lead him to study science and eventually create the monster that becomes the central focus of the story.

Through Victor's characterization, Shelley explores the dangers of unchecked ambition. While his initial intentions may have been noble, Victor's pursuit of scientific knowledge without considering the ethical implications ultimately leads to his downfall. His obsession with playing god and creating life results in the creation of the monster, who becomes a symbol of Victor's unchecked ambition and the consequences that follow.

In addition to Victor, Shelley also provides a rich characterization of the monster, who is often referred to as "Franken-ender" in the novel. The monster, despite his terrifying appearance, is shown to be a complex and sympathetic character. He is initially innocent and curious, seeking connection and understanding from the humans he encounters. However, due to society's rejection and mistreatment of him, the monster becomes vengeful and seeks revenge on Victor for his abandonment.

Shelley's portrayal of the monster challenges the reader's preconceived notions of beauty and ugliness, good and evil. The monster's experiences highlight the importance of empathy and acceptance in society, as his actions are ultimately a result of his isolation and mistreatment. Through the monster's characterization, Shelley raises questions about the nature of humanity and the responsibility we have towards those who are different from us.

Furthermore, Shelley's use of characterization extends beyond the main protagonists of the novel. Secondary characters such as Elizabeth, Victor's adopted sister and love interest, and Robert Walton, the explorer who discovers Victor's story, also play significant roles in the narrative. Elizabeth is portrayed as a loving and virtuous character, embodying the ideals of femininity and domesticity. Her presence serves as a stark contrast to the horrors and moral dilemmas that Victor faces, highlighting the theme of innocence versus corruption.

On the other hand, Robert Walton serves as a framing device for the story, providing an outsider's perspective on Victor's tale. As the captain of a ship bound for the North Pole, Walton's ambition mirrors that of Victor's, highlighting the theme of ambition and its potential consequences. Through Walton's characterization, Shelley suggests that the pursuit of knowledge and ambition should be tempered with caution and moral responsibility.

In conclusion, Mary Shelley's use of characterization in Frankenstein is a key element in the development of the novel's themes and overall narrative. Through her portrayal of characters such as Victor Frankenstein, the monster, Elizabeth, and Robert Walton, Shelley explores the themes of ambition, responsibility, and the consequences of playing god. By presenting complex and multi-dimensional characters, she challenges the reader's assumptions and prompts reflection on the nature of humanity. Frankenstein continues to be a thought-provoking novel, reminding us of the dangers of unchecked ambition and the importance of empathy and acceptance in society.

Works Cited

Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Penguin Classics, 2003.