Push and Pull Factors Influencing Female Labor Market Decisions

In the 21st century a family cannot sustain on single earner. There are various push and pull factors which makes a women want to work; the push factors being economic status of the family and the pull factors being self-esteem, financial independence, recognition etc. On the other hand, women also have family responsibilities such as looking after senior citizens and children. This will increase the work load of women and creates work family conflict. In a similar focus, work family demands are difficulties faced by women which will lead to dis-satisfactory results and outcomes affect both their families and organizations in the form of stress and low productivity. This might even reflect on the children and family members negatively. In parallel to this, women face challenges like social acceptance, gender discrimination, missing network and less priority given by bankers to provide a loan, however women have the motherly act of child bearing and the need to balance multiple other roles and so on, have consequences on health as well as family relationships.

A slightly different focus, early socioeconomic inequalities may restrict poorer women’s opportunities to work full time as they enter into adulthood due to various socioeconomic factors such as family poverty, single parenthood health and well-being in adulthood. Furthermore the middle class women are more likely to work full time than are working class women (Women’s Work Pathways Across the Life Course, 2016). In the same vein women working more than forty hours a week was associated with higher probability of medical visits, women having children and who are working full time are reported with worse health including stress and absenteeism. In line with the above sentence work overload , role ambiguity , role conflict ,strained interpersonal relations, bad communications, lack of participation, work and family relationship, job insecurity where the major factors which are responsible for the stress in women.

On the other hand women having children and working being in a nuclear family where there is nobody to take care of the child in her absence, she needs to do it all alone is a lot of stress for the working mothers. On the other hand, the number of hours worked and the time of day or night shift worked can have an important effect on workers ability to balance work and family roles and responsibilities, jobs with more power, professions and higher level of management provide workers with more flexibility.

Furthermore the main cause for stress is their work pressure which they are not able to balance with their personal life. These women can’t hold the full responsibility for the problem because the working hours changes based upon the real time circumstances. Some of the stress factors faced by them are unhealthy family environment, institutions with strict rules, mis-behavior etc.