Examining The Influence of Cultural Events on The Economy

Area of festival research is characterized by its interdisciplinary nature, diversity of topics, and more or less divergent theoretical and methodological approaches. There are probably two main branches or bases of recent festival research. The older one has roots in anthropology and is represented by Alessandro Falassi’s Report (1987): “Me out of time”; a review of different essays on the festival, a seminal book which is today widely cited. The second branch, which has particularly influenced is its literature studying event and festival impacts, which has its roots in recreation and in leisure studies and is represented by Ritchie (1984) and Getz (1997).

It is particularly Getz (2008) who tried to systemize knowledge about festivals and formulated Festival Studies as part of the wider field of event studies. On the basis of a review of all festival-related articles published in almost all kind of languages, research journals have formulated three discourses on Festival Studies: Discourse on the Roles, Meanings and Impacts of Festivals in Society and Culture, Discourse on Festival Tourism, and Discourse on Festival Management. It is necessary to mention that these journals were only those from the areas of Tourism, Leisure, and Marketing Communication. An effort for the concentration of knowledge about festivals is to build one Festival Studies’ discipline which is further also represent the Film Festival Research Network, which was founded by Marijke de Valck and Skadi Loist (2008).

In this case, there is one subject which interconnects more or less different research papers, and that is the kite festival itself. And what is actually typical of researchers operating within this network is that they have similar backgrounds in the fields of Media Studies and their own surveys considering different factors affecting or turning an event’s managerial strategy. On the contrary, Getz’s Festival Studies are a less homogenous and somewhat artificial attempt, where the specific types of festivals as well as the used paradigms are not essential. Taking into account research papers and studies dedicated to this festival, is for approximately the last 30 years, where one can easily estimate that there is a greater interest in festivals in the fields of Tourism, Marketing and Management than in the areas of humanities. In her essay written from a Cultural Studies’ perspective, where a festival is conceptualized as a part of the cultural public sphere. The Cultural Studies’ perspective is at the core of this review. The review is based on the assumption that Cultural Studies can provide an adequate background for specific topics of festival research and can expand its horizons beyond the currently prevailing tourism management. In the narrower sense of the term environment, it refers to the physical environment that includes natural and manmade components. In a broader sense, social and cultural environments are also considered.The environmental quality refers to the quality of the natural features of the destination that can be deteriorated by human activities. Natural features like beautiful scenery, natural hydrologic structures, clean water, fresh air and species diversity can suffer from pollution and therefore lose their attractiveness.

Accordingly, maintaining a high level of overall environmental quality is important for the competitiveness of most types of tourism destinations and thus it is a primary concern for all the destination managers. Many authors claim that the quality of natural attractions is a part of quality destination. Destination attractions are recognized to be a factor of tourism destination competitiveness.