The Description of Art of Cyprus

The Historical Context of Cypriot Art

Art is a complex concept that can serve various purposes, from propaganda to aesthetic enjoyment. In the context of Cyprus, the definition of art is especially nuanced, influenced by the island's tumultuous history and cultural diversity. Cyprus, located in the Eastern Mediterranean, has a rich artistic heritage shaped by a multitude of civilizations. The events of 1974, which led to the division of the island, have further complicated the artistic landscape, making it a focal point for discussions about identity and cultural expression.

As Suzanne Cotter notes, “while the [artists] work we saw did not therefore conform to anything one might dare to identify as 'Cypriot'…there was a shared concern with content which, more or less explicitly, expressed something of the condition of Cyprus as a divided country with a tragically brutal history.” This sentiment resonates deeply within the modern art scene of Cyprus, where artists grapple with the island's complex identity and the scars of its past.

Ancient Artistic Traditions

The roots of Cypriot art can be traced back to the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods, during which early inhabitants created various artistic expressions. Evidence suggests that art served both religious and personal purposes, as Cypriots produced sculptures and pottery that reflected their beliefs and daily lives. For instance, notable artifacts from these periods include:

• Stone sculptures made from andesite and unbaked clay.
• Small steatite figures characterized by elongated arms, necks, and legs.
• Terracotta fertility gods and goddesses resembling early Egyptian deities.

As Cyprus transitioned into the Bronze Age, artistic production flourished, with innovations such as Red Polished pottery emerging. Karageorghis notes that this pottery was likely created by skilled artisans aiming to impress clients, further highlighting the importance of art in social and economic contexts.

Influences Across Eras

The Late Bronze Age marked a significant influx of foreign artistic influences due to Cyprus's strategic position in trade routes. Artistic exchanges introduced new styles and techniques, including:

In the Iron Age, the emergence of Cyro-Geometric pottery reflected a blend of local and foreign influences. Artisans began creating geometric designs and motifs, with many artifacts found in tombs serving as gifts for the deceased—paralleling practices observed in Egyptian culture.

The Modern Artistic Landscape

The division of Cyprus in 1974 has left a profound impact on contemporary art on the island. The Green Line, which separates the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus from the Republic of Cyprus, has led to divergent artistic expressions influenced by the socio-political climate. Northern and Southern Cypriot art reflect the distinct cultural identities shaped by their respective histories.

For Greek Cypriots in the South, artistic expression has flourished through various initiatives and collectives. One notable group is Artrageous, formed by three Cypriot artists who focus on social and political issues through their work. They aim to balance their cultural identity with the global contemporary art scene, illustrating how local concerns resonate with broader artistic trends.

Conversely, Northern Cypriot artists often face challenges due to the lack of institutional support and recognition. For instance, Sarep Kanay is one of the few Northern artists to gain exposure at international conferences. Despite these challenges, artists like Gönen Atakol have successfully exhibited their work across various regions, demonstrating resilience in the face of political and economic adversity.

Contrasts in Artistic Expression

The differences between Northern and Southern Cypriot art are stark. While Southern artists often address political themes and social issues, Northern artists tend to focus on personal expression and aesthetic appreciation. This divergence can be attributed to the differing socio-economic conditions and cultural contexts on either side of the Green Line.

In summary, the art of Cyprus is a reflection of its historical complexities and cultural diversity. From ancient times to the modern era, artistic expressions have evolved, influenced by external forces and internal conflicts. The ongoing division of the island continues to shape the art scene, with each side producing unique narratives that contribute to the broader understanding of Cypriot identity.

Conclusion

Art in Cyprus serves as a powerful medium for exploring identity, history, and cultural heritage. The island's rich artistic traditions, combined with the challenges posed by its division, create a dynamic landscape for artists to navigate. As Cypriots continue to grapple with their past and envision a shared future, art remains a vital tool for communication and understanding. The hope for unity is encapsulated in the art produced on both sides of the Green Line, a testament to the enduring spirit of the island's people.

References

• Cotter, Suzanne. “Cypriot Art and Its Divided Identity.”
• Karageorghis, Vassos. “The Archaeology of Cyprus.”
• “Turkish Cypriot Online Museum of Fine Arts.”