The Environment Hazard of Plastics

Introduction

Plastic pollution poses a significant threat to the environment, particularly marine ecosystems. As plastics are non-biodegradable, they accumulate in water bodies and landfills, leading to severe ecological consequences.

History of Plastics

The history of plastics dates back to the mid-1800s when natural materials with plastic properties, such as rubber, were modified. Alexander Parkes invented the first plastic, known as Parkesine, which was later followed by synthetic plastics like Bakelite, developed by Leo Baekeland.

Impact on Marine Life

Plastics pose a serious threat to marine ecosystems. Marine animals ingest plastics, leading to digestive tract blockages and death. Entanglement in plastic waste also hampers their ability to escape predators, feed, and survive.

Plastic Pollution in the North Pacific Ocean

The North Pacific Ocean is one of the most polluted water bodies, housing the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, which contains approximately 3.5 million tons of plastic waste. Around 80% of this pollution originates from land-based plastic use.

Dangers of Burning Plastics

Burning plastics releases harmful toxins, including carbon monoxide, dioxins, and furans, which are linked to respiratory diseases and cancer. It also contributes to air, soil, and water pollution, exacerbating environmental degradation.

Methods to Reduce Plastic Pollution

• Recycling: Reusing plastic materials reduces the need for new production.
• Government Policies: Several countries, including Rwanda, have banned plastic bags.
• Public Awareness: Encouraging individuals to reduce plastic usage and recycle effectively.

Conclusion

Despite the convenience of plastic, its environmental hazards outweigh its benefits. Recycling and reducing plastic consumption are crucial steps in minimizing pollution and protecting ecosystems.

References

• Boerger, C. M., et al. (2010). "Plastic Ingestion by Planktivorous Fishes in the North Pacific Central Gyre." Marine Pollution Bulletin.
• National Geographic (2014). "Why North Pacific Ocean is the Most Polluted Ocean."
• Law, K. L., et al. (2010). "Plastic Accumulation in the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre." Science.
• Eriksen, M., et al. (2014). "Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans." PLOS One.