The Symbolic Fences in "Fences" by August Wilson

August Wilson's play "Fences" explores various themes and motifs, with the fence being one of the most prominent symbols throughout the story. The fence serves as a physical and metaphorical representation of the characters' desires, struggles, and relationships. This essay will delve into the symbolic meaning of the fence in "Fences" and its implications for the characters and their lives.

The Fence as a Barrier

First and foremost, the fence in "Fences" symbolizes a barrier that separates the characters from the outside world. Troy Maxson, the protagonist, builds the fence around his house as a means of protection and privacy. He believes that the fence will keep out the troubles and injustices of the world, shielding his family from harm.

This notion of the fence as a barrier is evident in Troy's interactions with his son, Cory. Troy's strictness and refusal to allow Cory to pursue a football scholarship represent his desire to keep his son within the confines of their home and away from the outside world. The fence is a physical manifestation of this boundary, symbolizing the limitations that Troy imposes on his son's aspirations.

Furthermore, the fence also represents the barriers that exist within Troy's own life. As an African American man in the 1950s, Troy has faced numerous obstacles and injustices throughout his life. The fence embodies these barriers, symbolizing the racial discrimination and societal restrictions that have hindered his progress and limited his opportunities.

The Fence as a Means of Control

In addition to serving as a barrier, the fence in "Fences" also represents a means of control for the characters. Troy, in particular, uses the fence as a way to maintain power and authority within his household. By constructing and maintaining the fence, Troy asserts his dominance and attempts to dictate the actions and behaviors of those around him.

One instance of this control is seen in Troy's relationship with his wife, Rose. Troy's affair and subsequent pregnancy with another woman symbolize his desire to break free from the confines of his marriage and the fence that represents it. However, Rose's decision to build a fence around her own garden reveals her attempt to regain control and protect her own space within the household.

Moreover, the fence also represents the control that society exerts over individuals, particularly African Americans, during this time period. The limitations and restrictions imposed by societal norms and expectations are embodied in the fence, symbolizing the struggle for autonomy and agency faced by the characters in "Fences."

The Fence as a Symbol of Unity

Despite its symbolic representation of barriers and control, the fence in "Fences" also serves as a symbol of unity and protection. While Troy may use the fence to assert his dominance, it also acts as a source of security and stability for the characters, especially within the confines of the home.

The fence becomes a gathering place for the characters, providing a sense of community and togetherness. It serves as a backdrop for important conversations, celebrations, and even conflicts, highlighting its significance in bringing the family together and creating a sense of belonging.

Furthermore, the fence also symbolizes the idea of boundaries within relationships. It represents the necessity of establishing limits and protecting oneself from external influences while fostering a sense of unity and support within the family.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the fence in "Fences" by August Wilson holds immense symbolic meaning throughout the play. It represents barriers, control, unity, and protection, all of which contribute to the development of the characters and their relationships. By examining the various facets of the fence, one can gain a deeper understanding of the characters' desires, struggles, and the societal limitations they face. "Fences" serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of boundaries, both physical and metaphorical, in shaping individual lives and relationships.