The Theme of Symbolism in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"

The theme of symbolism in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" is a significant aspect of the story that adds depth and complexity to the narrative. Through the use of various symbols, Jackson explores the darker aspects of human nature, societal conformity, and the dangers of blindly following tradition. In this essay, we will examine the prominent symbols in "The Lottery" and their significance in conveying the overarching themes of the story.

One of the most prominent symbols in "The Lottery" is the black box. The black box represents the tradition and ritualistic nature of the lottery. The box is described as being shabby and worn, symbolizing the longevity and deeply ingrained nature of the lottery in the town's culture. The box is also mentioned to have been made from pieces of the original box, further emphasizing the tradition and history behind the lottery. Additionally, the black color of the box symbolizes the darkness and ominous nature of the lottery, foreshadowing the grim outcome for the chosen "winner." Overall, the black box serves as a powerful symbol of the town's adherence to tradition, regardless of its cruel and senseless nature.

The lottery itself is another crucial symbol in the story. On the surface, the lottery appears to be a harmless tradition, with the townspeople gathering for a seemingly benign event. However, as the story unfolds, it becomes clear that the lottery is a ritualistic sacrifice of one of the townspeople. The lottery symbolizes the dangers of blindly following tradition and the willingness of individuals to partake in senseless violence simply because "it has always been done this way." Jackson uses the lottery as a powerful symbol to critique conformity and the unquestioning acceptance of customs and practices, even when they have devastating consequences.

The stones used in the stoning of Tessie Hutchinson are another significant symbol in the story. The stones represent the collective complicity of the townspeople in the act of violence. Each member of the community is instructed to select a stone, and the use of stones as the murder weapon symbolizes the communal nature of the violence. The act of stoning Tessie becomes a collective punishment, highlighting the dark underbelly of group mentality and the potential for cruelty when individuals act as part of a mob. The stones serve as a chilling symbol of the townspeople's willingness to participate in the senseless murder of one of their own, emphasizing the destructive power of conformity and blind obedience to tradition.

The use of names in "The Lottery" also serves as a symbolic element in the story. The names of the characters, such as Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves, carry symbolic weight and add to the allegorical nature of the narrative. Mr. Summers, whose name evokes the season of warmth and abundance, is in charge of conducting the lottery, while Mr. Graves, whose name connotes death and finality, assists him. These names are not coincidental; they are carefully chosen by Jackson to underscore the themes of life and death, abundance and finality, which are central to the story. The symbolic significance of the names adds depth to the characters and reinforces the overarching themes of the narrative.

In conclusion, the theme of symbolism in "The Lottery" is a critical element of the story that enhances its depth and complexity. Through the use of symbols such as the black box, the lottery itself, the stones, and the names of the characters, Shirley Jackson crafts a narrative that critiques blind conformity, the dangers of tradition, and the darker aspects of human nature. The symbols in the story serve as potent reminders of the perils of mindless adherence to customs and the potential for cruelty within a society. "The Lottery" stands as a powerful allegory that continues to resonate with readers, urging them to question the traditions and customs they may blindly follow in their own lives.