Use of Plastic Bottles to Provide Natural Ventilation for Residential Buildings

Summer season had never been easy going in states such as Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and other western states. This season is also considered to be the hottest time in the nation. In this hot and dry summer there has been a gradual increase in the temperature levels due to the intense heat waves which took over many parts of the India. People of weaker section living in dry and drought affected areas are conceived to be the worst-hit. The use of plastic bottles to reduce air temperature and to reduce waste generated by leftover plastic seems like an appropriate solution. It works on the principle of compressing air where hot air gets converted to preferably cool air. Hence, this people's budget-friendly ventilation proves to be the best available method to be adopted by the people of economical weaker sections and lower income group, to bring some relief this summer to the homes located in hot and dry regions of India.

Ventilation is the process of changing air in an enclosed space. A proportion of air in the space should be continuously withdrawn and replaced by fresh air drawn from outside to maintain the required level of air purity. To prevent undue accumulation of carbon-di-oxide, moisture, contaminants, and bacteria and to remove body heat and heat dissipated by electrical/ mechanical equipment, ventilation is necessary.

The plastic bottles used will reduce waste generation due to plastic, by providing these bottles at regular spacing and thereby generating a plate of appropriate dimensions to be fitted in the ventilation opening of house.

Due to rapid increase in industrialization as well as population, there has been rise in hazardous pollutants indoor and outdoor. To overcome this, there is an urgent need to take some measures which may help in decreasing the source of pollution. One of those methods can be adopted is our cooling plate, which may prove to be an alternative method of providing safe ventilation for indoor air circulation. Rising standards of buildings and modifications of houses are now-a-days neglecting the ventilation space for some fancy uses. But if these ventilation spaces can be altered it may help in lowering the temperature inside, provide proper air circulation and also allow part of sunlight available which is essential to abate the microbial growth.

In places likes Delhi, Mumbai, Nagpur, Ranchi, Jaipur, etc. due to extensive air pollution there is an increase in load of dust particles, harmful gases, odors, people are forced to close their windows to prevent the intrusion of such particles and gases, and in these circumstances the circulation of indoor air stops. In this condition our ventilation system is very essential.

Our concept is taken from early age architecture, in places like, Fateh-pur sikri fort, Boondi fort, Kota Mahal, Amer (Amber) Fort, where excellent ventilation techniques were provided to cool the inside environment. In Fateh-pur Sikri Fort they have used Chattar (Chatri) placed on top of roof through which air enters the palace room n a culvert like structure which goes on decreasing in size as it reaches the room. Here, air was compressed in the duct as well as passed through surrounding heavy stones such as Rhyolite which ultimately cooled the air. This surrounding medium is beneficial to cool the air as the molecules travel through the duct into the room.

In this project we have tried to use this ancient technique in modern architecture and provide a relief to some extent to the society.

Various laws of thermodynamics have been applied here as the working principle. The variation of gas (air) temperature with respect to pressure & the change in temperature of gases due to sudden contraction are great theories to validate this concept.