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Vortex Tube Principle

Categories: Research

Human-Written

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Human-Written

Words: 577 |

Page: 1|

3 min read

Published: Mar 1, 2019

Words: 577|Page: 1|3 min read

Published: Mar 1, 2019

Georges J. Ranque, a French physicist noticed temperature differences in vortex separators. He found that the center would get cool, and the outside quite warm. After some due thought, he wrote some theories up and moved on. These ideas, as well as Maxwell's thoughts on the subject came to Rudolf Hilsch and he began actually researching and building a refrigerant system to try and beat the standard system for the German military. After building a few prototypes, and getting a very good hold on the dimensions, he left the idea alone, as, the conventional system was more efficient, and less noisy.
First you have the vortex chamber, this is simply where the air starts to spin. the better this is designed, the better your tube works. for the best tube, the faster you can get the air to spin the higher the temperature change.
Second the air moves down the long hot tube and the hot air separates outward, and the cold air is pushed to the center of the vortex. (effects of inertia)
Third, the air makes it to the end of the pipe, and, because the ball valve is opened slightly, with a small opening near the wall of the hot pipe, it siphons off hot air, but, because the pressure is too great to go out that single opening, some of the air must rebound and travel through the center of the vortex, and exit back through the hole in the middle of the vortex chamber.
The air wouldn’t just go through there simply because in the vortex chamber, the air is moving so fast, it's being smashed on the walls of the pipe and can't "pull" itself to go through it. If the ball valve is closed, enough pressure builds, and the air just exits there, as, there's nowhere else to go. Because the ball 0valve is slightly opened near the wall where the air is being smashed, it tries to exit there first. If it can't make it out there, it is forced to go back through the center of the vortex and exit at out the cold tube.
Fourth, as the air goes back through the center of the vortex, the faster molecules push back out towards the edge of the tube, and the colder are forced to the inside. Because there is too much air to exit out the hot tube, the air is forced to escape out the cold tube, and your separation is complete. hot air out one end, cold out the other.
Compressed air at high pressure enters the vortex tube through tangential nozzle where the flow gets accelerated. Due to tangential entry, the air has high velocity and rotates at very high speed. Thus the air has whirling or vortex motion in vortex chamber, which subsequently spiral down the tube to right side (depends on the direction of spiral). The central core of the air is reversed by means of a conical valve, which control the pressure in the system. The end of the cold pipe, which built up with the vortex chamber, is fitted with a washer that has the half the diameter of the pipe. Washers with different diameter are also used to adjust the system. The reversed air at low temperature moving through the washer to the cold section. Thus cold air is produced at the left side of vortex chamber. Hot air is produced at the right side through the conical valve.

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Vortex Tube Principle. (2019, February 27). GradesFixer. Retrieved November 19, 2024, from https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/vortex-tube-principle/

“Vortex Tube Principle.” GradesFixer, 27 Feb. 2019, gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/vortex-tube-principle/

Vortex Tube Principle. [online]. Available at: <https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/vortex-tube-principle/> [Accessed 19 Nov. 2024].

Vortex Tube Principle [Internet]. GradesFixer. 2019 Feb 27 [cited 2024 Nov 19]. Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/vortex-tube-principle/

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