What Does Calpurnia Teach in to Kill a Mockingbird

In Harper Lee's classic novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Calpurnia, the Finch family's African American housekeeper, plays a vital role in shaping the protagonist, Scout Finch. Through her teachings, Calpurnia imparts valuable life lessons and helps Scout navigate the complexities of race, class, and empathy. This essay will explore the various lessons that Calpurnia teaches Scout and the implications they have on Scout's growth and the broader themes of the novel.

The Importance of Manners and Respect

One of the key lessons that Calpurnia teaches Scout is the importance of manners and respect. Calpurnia acts as a constant reminder to Scout that treating others with kindness and respect is essential, regardless of their race or social status. She repeatedly scolds Scout for her impolite behavior, such as when Scout criticizes Walter Cunningham for pouring syrup all over his food.

Scout's initial reaction to Calpurnia's admonishment is resentment and confusion. However, as the story progresses, Scout begins to understand the significance of Calpurnia's teachings. This is evident in the scene where Scout is invited to the African American church with Calpurnia and witnesses the strong sense of community and respect among the congregation. Through this experience, Scout learns to appreciate the importance of treating others with dignity and respect, regardless of their background.

Furthermore, Calpurnia's teachings on manners and respect extend beyond interpersonal interactions. She also teaches Scout the importance of respecting one's heritage and culture. When Scout questions why they speak differently at home compared to the way she speaks among her white friends, Calpurnia explains that it is essential to embrace and honor one's roots. This lesson not only helps Scout develop a stronger sense of identity but also challenges the prevailing racial prejudices in Maycomb.

Empathy and Understanding

Another crucial lesson that Calpurnia imparts to Scout is the importance of empathy and understanding. Despite the racial tensions prevalent in Maycomb, Calpurnia consistently encourages Scout to put herself in the shoes of others and consider their perspectives. Through her interactions with Calpurnia, Scout learns to see beyond the surface and understand the complexities of race and injustice.

An instance where Calpurnia's teachings on empathy become evident is when Scout questions why Calpurnia speaks differently when she is among her African American peers. Calpurnia explains that she adapts her language to fit in and be accepted by others. This explanation prompts Scout to reflect on her own behavior and encourages her to empathize with Calpurnia's situation. It is through these moments of reflection that Scout begins to realize the unfairness and inequality that exist in society.

Furthermore, Calpurnia's role in bridging the racial divide within the Finch household also highlights the importance of empathy and understanding. Despite being an African American woman in a predominantly white household, Calpurnia maintains a strong bond with Scout and Jem, treating them as if they were her own children. Through this relationship, Calpurnia teaches Scout that empathy knows no boundaries and that genuine connections can be formed despite societal divisions.

Challenging Prejudices

Calpurnia's teachings also play a significant role in challenging Scout's preconceived notions and prejudices. As Scout grows up in a racially divided society, she witnesses firsthand the racism and inequality that exists. However, Calpurnia serves as a constant reminder that not all individuals conform to these prejudices.

One particular instance where Calpurnia challenges Scout's prejudices is during the trial of Tom Robinson. Despite the racial tensions surrounding the case, Calpurnia insists on bringing Scout and Jem to the courthouse, exposing them to the harsh realities of racism. Through this experience, Scout begins to question the fairness of the justice system and the deep-rooted prejudices that permeate society.

Additionally, Calpurnia's role as a strong, independent woman challenges the traditional gender roles prevalent in Maycomb. She serves as a positive role model for Scout, showcasing the importance of education and self-sufficiency. Calpurnia's ability to challenge societal norms and expectations inspires Scout to question the limitations imposed upon her as a young girl and aspire for more.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Calpurnia's teachings in To Kill a Mockingbird have a profound impact on Scout's growth and development. From teaching the importance of manners and respect to instilling empathy and challenging prejudices, Calpurnia serves as a guiding figure for Scout in navigating the complexities of race and class. Her teachings not only shape Scout's character but also challenge the prevailing social norms and prejudices of Maycomb. Through Calpurnia's lessons, Scout learns valuable life lessons that extend far beyond the confines of Maycomb, transforming her into a more compassionate and understanding individual.

Overall, Calpurnia's teachings offer a powerful commentary on the importance of empathy, respect, and challenging societal norms. They remind readers of the significance of understanding and embracing diversity, while urging them to question injustice and prejudice. Through the character of Calpurnia, Harper Lee highlights the transformative potential of education and empathy, leaving readers with a profound message that resonates beyond the pages of the novel.

Bibliography:

Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. Grand Central Publishing, 1960.