What Is The Purpose Of The Canterbury Tales?1

"The Canterbury Tales," written by Geoffrey Chaucer in the late 14th century, serves a multifaceted purpose that extends beyond mere storytelling. This literary masterpiece is a collection of narratives framed within the context of a pilgrimage to the shrine of Thomas Becket in Canterbury. While the pilgrims share their tales to pass the time during their journey, Chaucer's work carries deeper intentions that provide insights into human nature, social dynamics, and the complexities of medieval English society.
At its core, "The Canterbury Tales" can be seen as a social commentary on the diverse strata of society during Chaucer's time. The characters come from a range of backgrounds, including nobility, clergy, merchants, and commoners, offering a cross-section of medieval England's hierarchical structure. Through their stories, Chaucer exposes the strengths, flaws, and absurdities of each class, often employing satire to critique societal norms and expectations. This satirical approach allows Chaucer to simultaneously entertain and criticize, creating a nuanced portrayal of his contemporaneous society.
Furthermore, "The Canterbury Tales" delves into the complexities of human nature. The tales explore themes such as love, betrayal, greed, chivalry, and morality. By presenting a variety of narratives, Chaucer showcases the multifaceted dimensions of human behavior and the moral dilemmas that individuals encounter. For example, in "Pardoner's Tale," he scrutinizes the dangers of greed and hypocrisy, while "Wife of Bath's Tale" challenges conventional views of gender roles and relationships. Through these stories, Chaucer prompts readers to reflect on their actions and beliefs, fostering a deeper understanding of human motivations and ethical choices.
The pilgrimage itself also serves as a metaphorical journey of spiritual and personal growth. As the pilgrims progress towards Canterbury, they undergo transformations spurred by their interactions and the stories they share. This pilgrimage motif represents the broader human journey toward self-discovery and enlightenment, highlighting the potential for personal change and development.
In addition to its thematic depth, "The Canterbury Tales" showcases Chaucer's mastery of language and storytelling techniques. The work is known for its diverse range of narrative styles, from courtly romance to bawdy farce, revealing Chaucer's skill in adapting his writing to suit various characters and tones. The use of Middle English adds an authentic touch, capturing the linguistic nuances and dialects of the time.