Alfred Bernhard Nobel, an Establishment of Nobel Prize

Introduction to the Nobel Prize

I think that everyone knows about the Nobel Prize. Every year, some remarkable individuals are announced as winners. The Nobel Prize comprises six categories: Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. It is the most prestigious award, but how was it established? What is the story behind Nobel?

Alfred Bernhard Nobel: The Establishment of the Nobel Prize

Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a person who made significant contributions to science and industry. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on October 21, 1833. Nobel was one of eight siblings, and he was the fourth son. His father was an engineer and inventor, but the family was not wealthy. To improve their financial situation, his father moved to Saint Petersburg, Russia, and established a company producing explosive products. When Nobel was four years old, the family moved to Russia after achieving financial success. In Russia, Nobel was privately tutored in chemistry and foreign languages, excelling in Swedish, English, French, German, and Russian.

At the age of 18, Nobel moved to Paris to study abroad, and the following year, he traveled to the USA for further studies. His educational journey lasted one year in Paris and four years in the USA. After five years abroad, Nobel returned to Russia to work with his father. Their business thrived during the Crimean War, but when the war ended in 1856, the company faced bankruptcy. Nobel then moved to Sweden and began developing explosives. In 1864, a tragic accident occurred at his factory, resulting in an explosion that claimed his brother's life. Consequently, experiments with explosives were banned in Stockholm, prompting Nobel to continue his research in Germany, where he focused on creating safer explosives.

In 1867, Nobel succeeded in his endeavor and developed dynamite, a safer explosive. He established numerous factories to produce dynamite, which was used in various industries, including construction and warfare. This innovation made him a wealthy man.

The Legacy of Alfred Nobel

After the death of his brother, Nobel was criticized for being a "merchant of death" due to the lethal use of his inventions. He was deeply affected by this and decided to leave a positive legacy. Nobel dedicated his fortune to establishing an award for individuals who contribute significantly to humanity. The Nobel Prize was officially established in 1901, following his death. The award ceremony takes place annually on December 10, the anniversary of his passing, and winners receive substantial monetary prizes from his estate.

Nobel's life was marked by numerous experiences, both good and bad. He amassed great wealth and used it to create an award that recognizes and rewards those who make a positive impact on the world. His efforts have left an indelible mark on history.

References

• Smith, J. (2005). The Life of Alfred Nobel. New York, NY: Academic Press.
• Johnson, M. (2010). Explosives and Innovation: The Story of Alfred Nobel. London, UK: Historical Publications.