History of The Civil Rights Movement in America

Post Reconstruction, America plummeted into an era of social movements for freedom and liberty for different groups. As the common-white man was looked upon as the ideal member of society, there were many people such as blacks, women and gays that did not apply to this ideology. After decades of being discriminated against and looked at as the “outsiders” in society, men and women of color were finally fed up. The Civil Rights Movement was one of the most pivotal social liberty movements of the era. As men and women marched and rioted for equal rights as the whites (insiders), their voices impacted the nation’s history forever. Additionally, men and women of color were not the only parts of society being discriminated against, white women were becoming increasingly furious with how society looked at them compared to men. In contrast to white men, women were always looked at as the outsiders. Whether it be in the workforce or everyday life, women did not have nearly the same amount of respect or rights in society as men did. Second wave feminism however, changed this idea immensely. Marches and the voices of women demanded the same social liberties as men. Lastly, gay liberation was arguable one of the most influential and surprising movements of the 1960’s and 70’s. When most people think of the insider-outsider dilemma, they think of men and women or blacks and whites. However this new movement started the tension between homosexuals and straight men and women. The ideologies and beliefs of gender and sexuality that America had believed and followed for so long were now being questions by thousands of people. These three pivotal movement in history truly shed light on the insider-outsider dilemma in America and shaped the path for equal social rights among all people.

Amid Reconstruction, blacks went up against positions of authority more than ever. They held open office and looked for administrative changes for correspondence and the privilege to vote. In 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution gave African Americans equal promise under the law. In 1870, the fifteenth Amendment allowed colored men and women the privilege to vote. Many whites, especially in the South, were quite bothered with the fact that individuals they'd once subjugated were presently obtaining equal rights as them. In order to keep black on the outside and continue to isolate from whites, "Jim Crow" laws were made in the late nineteenth century in the South. Jim Crow laws weren't embraced in northern states; however, blacks still experienced segregation in the workplace and most everyday activities they encountered. Half of the country's colored families lived in poverty. As a result of the work gets that connected advancements terminating to rank, non-white specialists, who had joined the mechanical work compel later than whites, lost their employments first in a period of financial downturn. In the South, proof of Jim Crow possessed large amounts of the independent pub, establishments, and the signs "white and "black" at entrances to structures, prepare carriages, water fountains, bathroom and so forth. In the North and West, the law did not require isolation, but instead uniquely banned blacks from numerous schools, inns and eateries, and from the most rural lodging. Thus continuing to have blacks be on the outside, compared to whites who were significantly dominant and the insiders.

On December 1, 1955, a respected woman named Rosa Parks ta down on a Montgomery bus after work. At the time, colored men and women were assigned certain areas in which they were allowed to sit on the bus, due to Jim Crow laws. At the point when a white man got on the transport and couldn't discover a seat in the white area at the front of the bus, the driver demanded Parks and three other blacks to give up their seats to the white man. Parks was rather unwilling to give up her seat and as a result of her refusal, was turned into authorities. Rosa Park's arrest lighted shock and support; Parks accidentally turned into the "mother of the advanced social liberties development." Black communities shaped the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) lead by Martin Luther King Jr., a part which would put him up front in the battle for social equality. Parks' arrest pushed the MIA to arrange a blacklist of the Montgomery Bus framework. It endured over a year until the point when separate seating was pronounced unlawful by the Supreme Court.

The Civil Rights Movement had begun to pick up momentum when the United States Supreme Court made segregation unlawful in government-funded schools on account of Brown v. Leading group of Education. In 1957, Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas requested students volunteers from all-dark secondary schools to go to the segregated school. On September 3, 1957, nine black students, known as the Little Rock Nine, met up at Central High School to begin classes yet were sooner met by the Arkansas National Guard and a yelling, incapacitating group. The Little Rock Nine endeavored again for quite a while after and impacted the whole movement internally. However finally, President Dwight D. Eisenhower interceded and asked for government troops to escort the Little Rock Nine to and from classes at Central High. Regardless, the students stood up to relentless incitement and inclination. Their undertakings, in any case, concentrated on much-required the issue of coordination and filled differences on the two sides of the issue.

Regardless of the fact that all Americans had obtained voting privilege, a majority of Southern states made it difficult for men and women of color. Blacks were often expected to take voter education tests that were deceiving and challenging to pass. In order to show loyalty and care for the social liberties movement and limit racial strains in the South, the Eisenhower organization forced Congress a new social liberties enact September 9, 1957, President Eisenhower marked the Civil Rights Act of 1957 into law. This enact allowed the government to indict anyone who pursued in keeping somebody from voting. It additionally made a commission to research voter extortion. However, regardless of the progress that was happening, black men and women were still faced with obtrusive preference in their everyday lives and activities. On February 1, 1960, four students stood firm against racial segregation in Greensboro, North Carolina when they refused to get up from a Woolworth's lunch counter before being served. Throughout the following days many individuals, including white college students, joined their motivation. After some were brought in by authorities and accused of trespassing, protestors propelled a blacklist of all segregated lunch counters until proprietors gave in. Their endeavors led serene exhibits in many urban communities and helped dispatch the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee to urge all understudies to get engaged with the social equality development.

A standout amongst the most well-known occasions of the social liberties development occurred on August 28, 1963: the March on Washington. It was composed and gone to by social liberties leaders. In excess of 200,000 individuals, highly contrasting, congregated in Washington, D. C. for the walk with the mail goal of social equality enactment and building up work balance for everybody. The feature of the walk was King's powerful speech in which he constantly expressed, "I have a dream… ". His "I Have a Dream" discourse rapidly turned into a trademark for consonance and opportunity. Not long after, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Martin Luther King Jr. and other social liberties activists saw the marking. The law ensured measure up to work for all, restricted the utilization of voter proficiency tests and enabled government experts to guarantee open offices.

The Civil Rights Movement was a pivotal movement regarding freedom and the “insider-outsider” dilemma. African Americans struggled for decades to obtain the freedom and equality they were so desperately deprived of. As the outsiders, they were constantly trying to find a way to have the same liberties the whites did. The Civil Rights Movement was one of the biggest movements in which the door to becoming an insider was opened for African Americans. The small freedoms such as eating in restaurants, being able to sit in the same places whites do and be able to hold their head up high while passing a white civilian, were all steps into the freedom blacks had been looking for, for decades.