Human resource is an important factor of economic development. As opined by Adam Smith the prosperity of a country is determined by the skill, efficiency and attitude of the labor used by the country. Many countries have been able to develop themselves due to the will, capacity and skill of their human resources. Human are the core of development, but their lives and the environment needs improvement. So, human resource is the process of improving quality and efficiency of the people. The batter education, improved skills, and provision of healthy atmosphere will result in proper and most efficient use of resources (non-natural & natural) which will result in increase in economic production.
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'Human Resource Development'
The history of human resource development reveals that education, training, and organization development of all sorts are largely the products of social and economic conditions. According to Scott’s (1914), early characterization of education is still meaningful: “Education is the attempt of a civilization to perpetuate what it believes to be most vital in itself”.
In the words of Becker’s (1993), “I am going to talk about a different kind of capital. Schooling, a computer training course, expenditures on medical care, and lectures on the virtues of punctuality and honesty are capital too, in the true sense that they improve health, raise earnings, or add to a person’s appreciation of literature over a lifetime. Consequently, it is fully in keeping with the capital concept as traditionally defined to say that expenditures on education, training, and medical care, etc., are investments in capital” These are not simply costs but investments with valuable returns that can be calculated.
Human resource development tends to improve the quality and productivity of labour which in turn, leads to economic growth. Dejectedly enough, development planners have failed to make investment in HRD a central focus of development strategies. The reason it is sometimes argued, is the difficulty involved in distinguishing between what part of HRD represent an investment and what part represent consumption ( Da Silva 1997 and Oshina 1986).
It is now largely and generally accepted that investment in human resources promotes economic growth. However, a country’s economics capacity also determines its ability to invest in human resources, so that “a good educational system may be the flower of economic development, but it is also the seed”. Besides acting as an important vehicle of achieving equitable income distribution, human Resource development is also a potent means of addressing the problem of poverty. In the words of Harrbison (1973:3):
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Human resource constitutes the ultimate basis for the wealth of a nation’s capital. Resources are passive factor of production; human beings are the actives agent who accumulate capital, exploit natural resources, and build social, economic and political organization. Clearly, a country which is unable to develop the skills and knowledge of its people and to utilize them effectively in the national economy will be unable to develop anything else.
