International Development and Its Negative Trends in Modern Day

When one hears the term "International Development," the immediate image that may come to mind is that of volunteering in remote communities or assisting refugees fleeing from war. However, the concept of development encompasses far more than these activities. In his lecture titled "Development or Justice? A Global History," Professor Adelman presents a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution of development across the globe. He cautions that the current developmental model poses significant risks and highlights the increasing interdependence among nations, which exacerbates existing inequalities.

The Complex Nature of Development

Each country possesses its unique characteristics, and to foster genuine development, it is essential to recognize its historical context, including the lingering impacts of colonialism. Adelman advocates for a perspective that views development through the lens of justice, arguing that global integration often leads to heightened inequality. Since the post-World War I era, discussions surrounding global inequality have been prominent. Historical figures, such as China’s former president Sun Yat-sen and Japanese economist Nitobe Inazo, have influenced these debates. Sun Yat-sen envisioned a strong China, while Nitobe Inazo supported Japan's colonization of Korea and Taiwan as a means for Japan to assert itself among other nations. The interpretation of development varies widely among individuals, yet it is universally understood as an ongoing process.

Case Study: Food Insecurity in Indigenous Communities

My recent experience participating in a seminar at the Munk School of Global Affairs exemplifies the complexities of international development. During this seminar, schools collaborated to devise solutions for pressing global challenges. My group focused on addressing food insecurity in northern Indigenous communities, specifically proposing a morning snack bin program at Kattawapiskak Elementary School in Attawapiskat. We believed that this initiative, which had been successful in schools in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), could similarly benefit students in the remote northern town.

Our plan included providing conventional snack items such as yogurt tubes, rice crackers, and cheese strings. However, we failed to consider the cultural and dietary preferences of the students in Attawapiskat. Additionally, logistical challenges arose regarding food transportation, delivery schedules, and funding sources. Ultimately, our lack of understanding of life on a remote First Nations reserve became apparent. We had presumed to know what was best for the community, mirroring the very pitfalls that Adelman warns against in his lecture.

Understanding Historical Context

To effectively address issues like food insecurity, it is crucial to delve into the historical context of Indigenous communities. Acknowledging the legacy of colonialism and understanding the community's needs and preferences are essential steps in developing sustainable solutions. As we reflect on our initiative, it becomes clear that the community's historical roots and cultural practices must inform our approach to development.

Key Lessons from Professor Adelman

Professor Adelman’s insights have significantly broadened my understanding of international development. Prior to his lecture, I held a somewhat naive belief that development was inherently positive and straightforward. I associated it primarily with the efforts of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) such as the UN and UNICEF. However, I learned that development often neglects its colonial roots, a point echoed by both Kothari and Adelman. This realization challenges the notion that development is universally beneficial and underscores the need for a more nuanced perspective.

Negative Trends in Modern Development

The negative trends in modern international development can be summarized as follows:

• Overemphasis on Western Models: Many development initiatives are based on Western ideals, which may not be applicable or beneficial in other cultural contexts.
• Ignoring Local Needs: Solutions often fail to account for the specific needs and preferences of local populations, leading to ineffective outcomes.
• Reinforcing Inequality: Global integration can exacerbate existing inequalities, benefiting a select few while marginalizing others.
• Lack of Historical Awareness: Development efforts frequently overlook the historical contexts, such as colonialism, that shape current inequalities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the complexities of international development necessitate a critical examination of its historical roots and contemporary practices. As we strive for global progress, it is imperative to approach development with humility and an openness to learn from the communities we aim to assist. The insights gained from Professor Adelman’s lecture serve as a reminder that development is not merely a set of programs or initiatives but a multifaceted journey that requires genuine engagement with the realities of those we seek to support.

References:

• Adelman, J. (2023). Development or Justice? A Global History. Lecture at the Munk School of Global Affairs.
• Kothari, U. (2023). Development and Colonialism. Journal of Global Studies.