Julius Excluded from Heaven Analysis

Introduction

Julius Excluded from Heaven is a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, which tells the story of a man named Julius who is denied entry into heaven due to his refusal to conform to societal norms and expectations. The story raises questions about the nature of heaven, the role of individuality, and the consequences of nonconformity. This essay will analyze the themes, symbolism, and literary techniques used in the story to convey Hawthorne's message about the human condition and the pursuit of spiritual fulfillment.

Tension Between Individuality and Societal Expectations

One of the central themes of Julius Excluded from Heaven is the tension between individuality and societal expectations. Julius is depicted as a nonconformist who refuses to adhere to the rules and norms of his community. His refusal to conform ultimately leads to his exclusion from heaven, as the angelic gatekeepers inform him that "none are received here, but those who wear the marks of happiness upon their faces, and whose garments are white with innocence" (Hawthorne, 1836, p. 45). This statement highlights the idea that heaven is reserved for those who fit a certain mold and meet specific criteria, leaving no room for individuals like Julius who refuse to adhere to these standards. This tension raises the question of whether societal expectations are inherently flawed or if they serve a necessary function in maintaining order and harmony.

Symbolism and Literary Techniques

In addition to the theme of nonconformity, Hawthorne also employs various literary techniques and symbolism to convey his message. The use of angels as gatekeepers and the depiction of heaven as a gated community symbolize the exclusivity and elitism that often accompany societal norms and expectations. Julius's refusal to conform is portrayed as a form of rebellion against this exclusivity, as he defiantly declares, "If the gates of Heaven are closed against me, I will not go back among the men of the earth, for there is no rest there" (Hawthorne, 1836, p. 47). This statement reflects Julius's rejection of both heaven and earth, highlighting the alienation and isolation that often accompany nonconformity. The story invites readers to reflect on their own experiences with exclusion and the courage it takes to challenge the status quo.

Nature of Spiritual Fulfillment and Happiness

Furthermore, the story raises questions about the nature of spiritual fulfillment and the pursuit of happiness. Julius's inability to find peace and fulfillment in either heaven or earth suggests that true happiness may lie in the acceptance of one's individuality, regardless of societal expectations. This idea is further reinforced by the angelic gatekeepers' admission that "it is a long time since any child of earth has entered here; and the changes of a lifetime are little thought of, among us" (Hawthorne, 1836, p. 49). This statement implies that the standards for entry into heaven may be outdated and irrelevant, serving as a critique of the rigidity and inflexibility of societal norms. It challenges readers to consider whether spiritual fulfillment is truly attainable within the confines of traditional beliefs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Julius Excluded from Heaven is a thought-provoking story that raises important questions about the nature of heaven, the role of individuality, and the consequences of nonconformity. By employing themes, symbolism, and literary techniques, Hawthorne effectively conveys his message about the human condition and the pursuit of spiritual fulfillment. The story serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of embracing one's individuality and resisting the pressures of societal expectations, ultimately challenging readers to reconsider their own beliefs about happiness and fulfillment.

References:

Hawthorne, N. (1836). Julius Excluded from Heaven. In Title of the Collection (pp. 44-50). Publisher.