Linguistics and Its Main Categories

As we know that all human beings have their different language, abilities to communicate with each other. They communicate each other to share their ideas, views, hypotheses, desires and many more other things. And linguistics is the process of studying these all knowledge system in all their aspect, as how the knowledge system has its structure, how they are formed, how does the knowledge changes over certain period of time.

It is concerned about the number of particular question about the nature of language and about that what this are common in human language, and linguistics give us knowledge about other many more things. There are various sub-categories of linguistics; the description of all sub-categories is given below:

• Syntax: It is the sub category which is all about studying grammatical arrangement of words in any sentences. There are different rules for making a sentence and words. For example: I love will being alone (wrong grammar), it should be (I love being alone). The words or a sentence which has its correct verbs of grammar gives a good meaning to the speaker.
• Semantics: This sub category deals about the studying of meaning of any words, phrase or sentence. It involves with the things which the speaker want to say to the listener what they should understand. For example: if someone asks me do you want some coffee? I have to say Yes or No and the reply for the coffee makes me aware. So the conversation between speaker and listener make easier with all grammar correct all verbs correct which gives meaningful result.
• Morphology: Sub category which is about studying structure of words. For example: any words are formed by verbs, adverbs, and adjective. For example: in word ‘unforgettable’ this word is formed by three parts that is ‘un’ which means not, ‘forget’ means the things which remind in our mind or that cannot be deleted and ‘able’ which means we can do or the things we can’t do. Morphology need to pay attention to the words which is formed by mixing with other words.
• Phonetics: Sub category which is all about studying language sound. For example how sound are made with mouth, teeth, nose and tongue. And hearing with the ear the sound produce is determined with computer program. It is also refers to the movement, physical shapes etc.
• Phonology: This sub category is all about how sound are arrange together to create meaning. For example in English (r) and (l) are two specific letters they give different meaning but heard same while in voice. Like the words road and load these two are the different words and give specific meaning but heard same while talking. There may be different in vowel, preposition, consonant etc.