Prejudice in to Kill a Mockingbird

Set in the 1930s in the American South, the novel follows the story of Scout Finch, a young girl growing up in a small town, and her father, Atticus Finch, a lawyer who defends a black man accused of raping a white woman. Throughout the novel, Lee explores various forms of prejudice, including racism, classism, and sexism, and the ways in which these prejudices shape the characters’ beliefs and actions. In this essay, we will analyze the theme of prejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird, examining its manifestations, consequences, and the potential for change.

Racism in Maycomb

One of the most prominent forms of prejudice in the novel is racism. The town of Maycomb is deeply divided along racial lines, with black people marginalized and discriminated against by the white majority. This is evident in the treatment of Tom Robinson, the black man accused of raping Mayella Ewell, a white woman. Despite overwhelming evidence of Tom’s innocence, the all-white jury convicts him, reflecting the deeply ingrained racism that permeates the town. This racism is also evident in the language and attitudes of the white characters, who use derogatory terms to refer to black people and view them as inferior. For example, Mrs. Dubose refers to Atticus as a “nigger-lover” for defending Tom, and Bob Ewell spits in Atticus’s face, calling him a “nigger-lover” as well.

Classism and the Cunninghams

In addition to racism, To Kill a Mockingbird also explores classism, particularly through the character of Walter Cunningham. The Cunninghams are poor white farmers who are looked down upon by the more affluent members of the community. When Scout starts school, she gets into a fight with Walter Cunningham, and her teacher, Miss Caroline, scolds her for not understanding the Cunningham’s situation. Miss Caroline tells Scout that the Cunninghams are “good folks” but are too poor to afford lunch, leading to a deeper understanding of classism in Maycomb. This incident demonstrates how prejudice based on social class can create divisions and misunderstandings between people, leading to further discrimination and inequality.

Sexism and Gender Roles

Furthermore, sexism is another form of prejudice that is explored in the novel. The women in Maycomb are subjected to societal expectations and limitations based on their gender, which restricts their opportunities and autonomy. For example, Scout is told that she should not fight with boys and that she should act like a lady. This demonstrates the gender role expectations placed on women and girls in Maycomb, which limit their freedom and individuality. Additionally, Mayella Ewell, the woman who accuses Tom Robinson of rape, is a victim of sexism as well. She is portrayed as a pitiful and helpless figure, oppressed by her father and the expectations of her gender. Mayella’s situation highlights the ways in which sexism can lead to vulnerability and exploitation, as well as the consequences of being marginalized within a patriarchal society.

Consequences of Prejudice

The consequences of prejudice are evident throughout the novel, as they lead to injustice, suffering, and the perpetuation of inequality. The trial of Tom Robinson, for example, is a clear example of the devastating impact of racism. Despite the lack of evidence against him, Tom is convicted solely because of his race, and ultimately pays with his life. This injustice not only affects Tom and his family, but also reinforces the racist attitudes and beliefs of the white community, perpetuating the cycle of discrimination and oppression. Similarly, the classism and sexism in Maycomb have negative consequences for the characters, as they lead to misunderstandings, conflict, and the perpetuation of social inequality. For example, Mayella’s false accusation of Tom Robinson not only leads to his death but also perpetuates the cycle of violence and suffering within her own family.

Potential for Change

Despite the prevalence of prejudice in To Kill a Mockingbird, the novel also offers hope for change and progress. Through the character of Atticus Finch, Lee presents a model for tolerance, empathy, and understanding. Atticus’s unwavering commitment to justice and equality serves as a powerful example of how individuals can challenge prejudice and work towards a more just and inclusive society. Additionally, the experiences of Scout and Jem as they witness the injustices and prejudices in Maycomb, allow them to develop empathy and understanding for others, leading to a gradual change in their own attitudes and beliefs. This demonstrates the potential for growth and transformation, even in the face of deeply ingrained prejudice.

Conclusion

In conclusion, To Kill a Mockingbird is a profound exploration of prejudice and its impact on individuals and society. Through its portrayal of racism, classism, and sexism, the novel highlights the devastating consequences of prejudice, as well as the potential for change and progress. By presenting characters who challenge prejudice and work towards a more just and inclusive society, Harper Lee offers a hopeful vision for the future, emphasizing the importance of empathy, understanding, and the rejection of prejudice. As such, To Kill a Mockingbird remains a powerful and relevant work that continues to resonate with readers today.