close
test_template

The Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Human-Written
download print

About this sample

About this sample

close
Human-Written

Words: 398 |

Page: 1|

2 min read

Published: Feb 12, 2019

Words: 398|Page: 1|2 min read

Published: Feb 12, 2019

Hemoglobin levels in individuals with chronic kidney disease fluctuate frequently above or below the recommended target levels within short periods of time even though the calculated mean hemoglobin remains within the target range of 11 to 12 g/dl.

Anemia is a common complication of chronic renal failure the optimal target hemoglobin levels for patients with various stages of chronic renal failure are unclear2 Anemia develops as a frequent complication of chronic renal failure within incidence and severity that are proportional to the degree of renal dysfunction3 Correction of anemia and maintenance of stable hemoglobin in levels using erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) is an important aspect of disease management.

In clinical studies, moderate increase in hemoglobin in concentration is associated with relief from symptoms of anemia, improved quality of life, and decreased blood transfusion rate.

Anemia develops as a frequent complication of chronic renal failure with an incidence and severity that are proportional to the degree of renal dysfunction. Correction of anemia and maintenance of stable hemoglobin levels using erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) is an important aspect of disease management.7 In clinical studies, moderate increase in hemoglobin concentration is associated with relief from symptoms of anemia, improved quality of life, and decreased blood transfusion rate.

National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines recommend target hemoglobin levels in the range 11 to 12 g/dl, whereas hemoglobin >13 g/dl should be avoided.9 Several recent randomized clinical trials showed targeting hemoglobin levels >13 g/dl to “normalize” hemoglobin in chronic renal failure may be associated with poor clinical outcomes,10 and recent expert review by the Food and Drug Administration has left the target range between 10 and 12 g/dl unchanged.

Anemia refers to an absolute reduction of the total number of circulating red blood cells (RBCs). For practical purposes, anemia is considered when one or more of the following are decreased: hemoglobin, hematocrit, or red blood cell (RBC) count. This condition is a laboratory finding that signifies the presence of illness or disease; anemia should not be considered a diagnosis.

Get a custom paper now from our expert writers.

Anemia usually is grouped into three etiologic categories: decreased RBC production, increased RBC destruction, and blood loss. Anemia of chronic illness and anemia of chronic renal failure) both fall under the category of decreased RBC production. When the classification of anemia is based on the morphology of the RBCs, both anemia of chronic illness and chronic kidney disease usually falls under the classification of normochromic and normocytic anemia.

Image of Alex Wood
This essay was reviewed by
Alex Wood

Cite this Essay

The Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. (2019, February 11). GradesFixer. Retrieved November 13, 2024, from https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-prevalence-of-anemia-in-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease/
“The Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.” GradesFixer, 11 Feb. 2019, gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-prevalence-of-anemia-in-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease/
The Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. [online]. Available at: <https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-prevalence-of-anemia-in-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease/> [Accessed 13 Nov. 2024].
The Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease [Internet]. GradesFixer. 2019 Feb 11 [cited 2024 Nov 13]. Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-prevalence-of-anemia-in-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease/
copy
Keep in mind: This sample was shared by another student.
  • 450+ experts on 30 subjects ready to help
  • Custom essay delivered in as few as 3 hours
Write my essay

Still can’t find what you need?

Browse our vast selection of original essay samples, each expertly formatted and styled

close

Where do you want us to send this sample?

    By clicking “Continue”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.

    close

    Be careful. This essay is not unique

    This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before

    Download this Sample

    Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts

    close

    Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper.

    close

    Thanks!

    Please check your inbox.

    We can write you a custom essay that will follow your exact instructions and meet the deadlines. Let's fix your grades together!

    clock-banner-side

    Get Your
    Personalized Essay in 3 Hours or Less!

    exit-popup-close
    We can help you get a better grade and deliver your task on time!
    • Instructions Followed To The Letter
    • Deadlines Met At Every Stage
    • Unique And Plagiarism Free
    Order your paper now