Understanding Segregation Through a Class Divided Experiment

Introduction

In the groundbreaking "A Class Divided" experiment, Jane Elliott conducted a powerful exercise to demonstrate the impact of segregation. She aimed to show her students what discrimination feels like and how cultural attitudes and systemic oppression can affect an individual's performance and self-worth.

The Experiment

Elliott divided her classroom based on eye color. Brown-eyed students were designated as superior, granted extra recess time, an additional lunch serving, and a heightened sense of self-esteem due to their perceived superiority. Meanwhile, blue-eyed students were required to wear collars to make their distinction evident from afar.

Reversal of Roles

The next day, Elliott reversed the roles, granting privileges to the blue-eyed students while subjecting the brown-eyed students to inferior treatment. The classroom dynamics rapidly changed, with the formerly oppressed group now embracing their newfound status, demonstrating the ease with which power hierarchies are accepted and enforced.

Behavioral and Psychological Impact

The experiment quickly revealed significant behavioral changes. The superior group displayed aggression, confidence, and dominance, while the oppressed group exhibited signs of sadness, frustration, and a desire for retribution. Elliott observed that the children’s academic performance fluctuated based on whether they were deemed "superior" or "inferior" on a given day.

Key Observations

Elliott noted that students subjected to negative stereotypes performed poorly in classroom activities, often struggling with tasks they had previously excelled at. The realization that their identity could dictate their perceived abilities was a sobering lesson for the children.

Implications of the Experiment

This exercise was designed to give white individuals an insight into the daily experiences of marginalized communities. It exposed the deep-seated impact of bias, emphasizing how discrimination erodes self-esteem and fosters societal divisions.

Long-Term Effects and Legacy

Jane Elliott’s experiment remains a powerful demonstration of the consequences of segregation and prejudice. It highlights the broader implications of racial bias in education, employment, and social interactions. The experiment’s legacy continues to be a crucial reference in discussions on systemic discrimination and equality.

Conclusion

Bias and discrimination have lasting effects on individuals and society. Elliott’s experiment underscores the importance of challenging prejudice and fostering inclusivity. It serves as a reminder that the way individuals are perceived and treated can shape their self-worth, opportunities, and overall potential in life.