This essay is a persuasive essay on Bentham's utilitarianism, a theory spread by Jeremy Bentham in the 18th century and clarified by his student John Stuart Mill in the 19th century. Utilitarianism posits that morality is about maximizing happiness and pleasure while minimizing pain and unhappiness. In this theory, goodness is related to human well-being, and whatever makes life better and easier is considered good, while whatever makes life worse or causes harm is considered evil. Utilitarianism considers all the good and bad consequences of a behavior or action when the consequences emerge during or after the performance. A utilitarian will consider alternative actions and evaluate the good and bad consequences of each behavior before deciding which action to take. Utilitarianism supports the moral truth that the rightness of an action depends on the good and bad consequences of the action and the situation that arises during the process.
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'Jeremy Bentham's Utilitarianism Theory '
As I said earlier, these acts of utilitarianism was spread by Jeremy Bentham. Jeremy was an English philosopher and a political radical. Starting with moral philosophy, Jeremy Bentham call it as a principle of the happiness or principle of the utility. The moral mandatory is where giving as much happiness as possible to the greatest number of people, and the happiness is being determined to the pleasure and non-appearance of the pain (Iep.utm.edu, 2018). Thus, Bentham writes, “By the principle of utility is meant that principle which approves or disapproves of every action whatsoever, according to the tendency what is the same thing in other words, to promote or to oppose that happiness” (Iep.utm.edu, 2018). And Jeremy Bentham also said that whatever that does not maximize the happiness is consider morally wrong. The rule of utilitarianism exists when John Stuart Mill tries to save his teacher, Jeremy Bentham when Bentham’s principle of utility is challenged by the community. Mill tried to make it as limit as possible of Bentham’s theory as in the rule of utilitarianism. When we compare the rule of utilitarianism and the act of utility, both of this principle is focusing on the rightness of an action. Based on the hedonism theory, this is all about the pleasure and focus only in pleasure. This principle is relating to the happiness and satisfaction of a person in the goods and services. The strength of utilitarianism is to minimize the pain and maximize the happiness, and to make an individual’s life to live better. It is also easy to reveal the principle that utilitarianism is fair and it’s principle are widely accepted.
Then, the weakness of utilitarianism is the happiness and satisfaction cannot always be the head of the objective in a person’s life. These theory is like humaliting human. It humiliates human as the level of animal because these theory talks about people’s goal focuses only in pleasure.
