Works on Analysis of Word Organization Overview

The distinction among linguistic structures in two languages described as comparative analysis, such as differentiation between phonetic and syntax patterns (Longman Dictionary of English 1978). Linguistics sameness among languages is more than differences. As, Haliday described that In the language under use the important unit is not only word or structure but text, a text can consist of one word or more words. For the identification of specific problem and complexities, contrastive analysis has strength to define the working of words in the text (Cabrera).

First work on analysis of word organization was done by C. A. Smith in 1893. Syntactic norms was observed by him. Words seems straight forward entities, but at a certain syntactic level they become problematic ( Arts 2001). The syntactic criteria for word order is based on what words given, word occurs with, and the types of phrase in which a given word occurs. Syntactic criteria of word order are most important (Miller, 2002). A contrastive study of word order in creoles is done by DeGraff (2008). Another important contrastive investigation of word order in Standard English and Arabic is done by Souadkia, who analysed the word patterns of these two languages and illustrated the noun phrase and verb phrase organization of these two languages. At first glance, it seems that words can be classified depending on their meaning, but there are also many words whose semantic properties do not match in the semantic categories but they can divided into grammatical word classes. Different types of language have different word orders in specific types of constructions (Radford, 2006). As Handbwch der Qanienkunde illustrated that word order of modified Spanish not differentiate much from traditional Spanish, he considered Spanish an independent language as compared to French which seems an ancient survivor of Latin. CRABB compared the word order of old Spanish and French in 1955.

Anni Haarhof analysed the issues of word order in Anglo Norman language. Sitaridou from Cambridge University conducted a comparative study on word order of Old Romance. He described that there is diversity among the word orders of Ancient Romance Languages. The second verb perspective is observed in literary writings of Germanic.

Rinkie 2007 examined the word order of Old Portuguese, and Edie 2006 compared the word order of Classical Portuguese. A variance study of word order on Russian language is conducted by Thompson, he defined that in Russian grammatical features are illustrated by specific marks with the words and words are free to carry out functions and the is distinguished feature of Russian than English in which some specific words are used to perform grammatical functions. Word order scatters easily when language is in contact ((Heine 2006).

In Rumelian Turkish word order is a syntactic characteristic which is changed (Friedman, 2006). Dogruöz & Backus pointed out the Dutch Turkish remained unsuccessful in defining the written similarities of word order for Balkan varieties. As it is illustrated, if speakers do not understand the structures of words under use, that will not define that speakers do not have these word orders in their ordinary language use (Gullberg et al. 2009). A significant collative and distinguishing research of Turkish and Dutch word organizations is conducted by Onar Valk 20014.