Cell Membrane: Active and Passive Types of Movements

There’s different types of movements which go across the cell membrane. One of the transport is a passive transport which is movements across the cell membrane this doesn’t require any energy which is dependent on the permeability of the cell membrane. There are 3 different main roles in passive transport which are called Diffusion, Osmosis, and finally facilitated diffusion.

There are different job roles in the passive transport for example in Diffusion the movements of each molecule from the region goes from a high concentration to a low concentration. Another diffusion which is called “Facilitated diffusion” this process doesn’t require ATP but it does require cell membrane for example they are called proteins which are called carrier proteins this carry’s each molecule across the cell membrane this starts off from an area of a high concentration to a low concentration. Osmosis is a movement of water which goes across the semi permeable membrane the movement of water which goes through a semipermeable membrane to a very high concentration solute.

In this transport, there’s a solution called the “Hypotonic solution” contains a high concentration of a solute in the relation to the solution within the cell for example the “cytoplasm”, a cell is placed in the hypertonic solution the water will diffuse out of the cell this will cause the cell to shrivel up. Another solution contains a solution which has a lower salt concentration than the normal cell, the cell is going to be placed in the hypotonic solution this means the water will diffuse into the cell which will cause the cell to get swollen up and this might prevent the cell to explode. An isotonic solution which has the same salt concentration as the normal cells that is in the body and the blood, for example when the cell is placed in an isotonic solution the water will diffuse into and out of the cell at the same rate, the fluids that gets surrounded in the body cell will be isotonic. In all solutions listed (Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic) the water will move across the cell and through the special protein-lined channels, this means the total concentration of all dissolved solution which isn’t equal on both sides, this will have a net movement of water molecules into and out of the cell, whether if there’s a net movement of water into or out of the cell and also which direction it moves depending on the cells environment solutions which is isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic. Cell membranes are permeable to water this means the environment the cell will be exposed this can have a dramatic effect on the cell. 

Moving the other substances into and out of the cell for example “Endocytosis-Endo within cytosis cell this is a process that the substances for example proteins enter the cell without passing through the cell membrane, another process is called “Exocytosis-Exo they exit cytosis cell is a process when a substance exists from the cell without having to pass through the cell membrane, there are examples of proteins this includes enzymes, hormones and antibodies. Finally, there’s a transport which is called the active transport this requires the cell to use energy this is used to form ATP. Act transport will create a charge gradient in the cell membrane, one of the examples are the mitochondrion, the hydrogen ion will pump hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space which is part of the organelle this is used to make the ATP. The active transport will keep the unwanted ions or molecules which is based outside of the cell this will be able to diffuse through the cell membrane.

Our bodies are constantly covered in and out by bacteria, some of the bacteria might be good for you or some might be harmless, and some might get you sick. The staphylococcus aureus is found in our skin and respiratory tract, this doesn’t always cause any kind of disease, but this might have the possible chances of getting an infection on our skins and lungs. There are more bacteria in and on our body than there are people on the earth which is very scary knowing each person has this much of bacteria in and out their bodies. Our white blood cell is attracted to the bacteria because of the proteins which are called antibodies which has marked the bacteria for destruction.