Evil and its origins is a very difficult subject to comprehend. It is a concept people have been contemplating for centuries. At the forefront of this subject are the arguments put forth by two of the most well-known philosophers in history, Saint Augustine and Friedrich...
Punishment has always been a method to show the dominance of the powerful over the weak. But punishment is not complete without surveillance. So a question automatically arises, what is surveillance? Surveillance is like a regulation, a constant power working over each and every person,...
Humans aren’t born good or evil. As a small child develops, it becomes either builds a quality character or a damaged character depending on the society he or she is raised in and how it is treated. Societies beliefs are often placed upon us and...
In his meditations on First Philosophy, the philosopher Descartes takes it upon himself to break down all his previous assumptions in order to rebuild his knowledge with certain truths. In his first meditation, Descartes establishes three reasons for doubt, including the inability to distinguish between...
Introduction The manifestation of war within a society is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that elicits a wide array of emotions and reactions among individuals. War, as a socio-political event, exerts profound influences on the lives of countless innocent civilians, a fact well-documented in numerous...
In the search for personal truth and validation in the confusing world that we live in, humanists alike have paved the way for social movements and forward thinking. Amongst such individuals are Mahatma Gandhi and Bertrand Russell. Although raised with different religious beliefs and living...
Today, many young people face mental health challenges, especially with the rise of social media. Bertrand Russell’s book, The Problems of Philosophy, offers a way to reflect on life’s deeper questions, which can provide direction for those feeling uncertain. Philosophy not only addresses existential inquiries...
The Myth of Sisyphus by Albert Camus is a philosophical essay written in 1942 that addresses the question of whether life is worth living through. From the perspective of the author, people share a similar path to the Greek hero Sisyphus, moving a boulder up...
Introduction Albert Camus studied the philosophy of the absurd and decided that, to him, the most important philosophical question was “why not commit suicide?” In “The Myth of Sisyphus: An Absurd Reasoning” (1942), he discusses his thoughts on the answer to this question. He considers...
“Ignorance is the curse of God; knowledge is the wing wherewith we fly to heaven” (William Shakespeare). In this quote, William Shakespeare outlines the correlation between knowledge and religion. Knowledge brings people closer to God, it steers individuals towards a life filled with contentment. The...
Introduction The work of Sarah B. Pomeroy, “Pythagorean Women,” aims to provide a comprehensive study on Pythagorean and Neopythagorean women, including their issues, social history, and their writings. Although it is true that there are previous writings by other historians detailing information about famous Pythagorean...
Pythagoras was born in 569 BCE in the island of Samos. As a kid, Pythagoras had 2 or 3 brothers. He and his brothers learned how to recite poetry, recite Homer, and play the lyre. He was raised with his mom, Pythias, and father, Mnesarchus....
In The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, the eleventh-century theologian Abelard was ashamed of being a eunuch because of the widely-held beliefs in Western European culture about castration. The term ‘eunuch’ was commonly used to refer to male slaves who had their genitals removed via...
According the stories of Boccaccio, Margery Kempe, and Abelard and Heloise, it can easily be assumed that religion, culture, and social life in medieval Europe did bring restrictions to the activities of women. Although some women who lived in medieval Europe do show cases of...
Introduction The realm of education is a canvas on which diverse philosophies and ideologies are painted. Two prominent figures in this vast landscape are Paulo Freire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Freire, born in poverty-stricken Brazil, emerged as a revolutionary pedagogue with his “banking concept of education”,...
Introduction While browsing daily on social media accounts, one can see a lot of news headlines that subjects one of the main problems of society today: mental health. It becomes normalize as time passes by, to the extent that it is often being misconceptualize. In...
Soren Kierkegaard’s Philosophical Fragments seeks to show the limits of reason when it comes to knowledge of the divine. His work is a polemic against idealism, which states that through sheer reason and will alone we can have knowledge of the eternal. However, Kierkegaard argues...
This analysis will examine Kierkegaard’s Despair is the Sickness unto Death, and briefly, Stages on Life’s Way, to explore conceptions of the self and despair. Kierkegaard often uses pseudonyms in his texts to explore a particular viewpoint or to better relate to his readership. Made-to-order...
Socrates would have responded to Kierkegaard’s assertions that; the most important truth is radically individualistic and subjective, that conversing rationally leads nowhere, that faith is the only solution to the problem of happiness, and that faith transcends and even rescinds morality, by questioning what the...