Proactive Forensic Science for Evidence Collection

Introduction

Forensic technicality and Equipment or instrument eligible to examine and Anti-Forensic method and theory and such Technicality and Equipment and instrument are called Proactive Forensic Science. Proactive Forensic Science is used in evidence collection. Which is used in examine or investigation. And evidence storage for example- we have keep our data, evidence and file confidential so that no one can mess with data. It is used to find evidence wit The number of crimes in the world is increasing day by day, and the technique of identifying these criminal or finding criminals, such as an example:- Thumb Scanning, Breath Analyzer, CCTV and Surveillance, Iris Scanning, QR code scanning, Tera Heartz Rays, Retinal Scanning, Proactive Digital Forensic(PDF) and etc. and those who Tool and Technique and fall under the proactive forensic science.

In the coming future, it may also be possible that criminal use different types of crime, in the same way, new technique and toll will be invented in Proactive Forensic Science. Various types of method used for dealing Proactive Forensic:

1. Breath Analyzer
2. Voice identification
3. CCTV Camera/ Surveillance
4. Scanner (Explosive, Narco Scanner)
5. Tera Heartz Rays
6. Proactive Digital Forensic (PDF)
7. QR Code
8. Biometrics Identification ➢ Iris Scanning ➢ Fingerprint And Thumb Scanning ➢ Face Scanning ➢ Retinal Scanning
9. Computer Forensic
10. Mobile Forensic

Cctv and Surveillance Cctv (Closed Circuit Television)

Surveillance is a device that records, store and displays any kind of activities that occurs in a company, on a store, shopping mall, hospital, park, public places, airport, station, on a cross road or any other places. The photos and record store by CCTV can be visualize by using computer for taking full information. A camera is made up of a series of lens. The overall function of a lens is to refract a light coming from a source and focus. It at a point to get its image. But in CCTV camera light is focus on a Charge Couple Device (CCD) that record the light electronically. Semi-Conductor and CCD used in CCTV camera measure light with the help of photosites (Light Sensitive Diode). When light (Photons) hits the photosites at specific points, then they changed into electrical charges. To create colourful image the CCD direct levels of each colour of light. CCD measure the level of Blue, Red, Yellow, colour. And able to reproduce a full-colour picture.

CCD. Mostly Five types Of CCTV camera or Surveillance

Dome Camera

The Dome Camera mounted in the roof or ceiling. It is used in indoor. The bullet Camera is fit on the wall. It is used outside the home.

Bullet CCTV

C-Mount Camera is used for taking of high quality recording and it is used in Factories, Mall, large shop and etc.

C-Mount CCTV

It is a type of camera which combine infrared radiation with wavelength 7000-1000 nm with CCD camera and the resulting night image displays as a monochrome image on a monitor screen of computer.

Night Vision CCTV

Pan-Tilt-Zoom commonly known as robos or robotic camera can be control by remote. These are commonly used for video conferencing, live production, lecture capture, and distance Learning.

PTZ CCTV Camera

Use of CCTV is a revolutionary experiment in forensic science. A source that gives us complete proof without any mistake. We can collect evidence regarding many criminal cases like Kidnapping, Murder, Robbery etc. Eye witness plays any important role in any kind of cases. But what is the surety that a man/witness is telling truth? Even Police sometimes are unable to get any proper evidences related crime.

In this situation CCTV emerges as boon to provide complete photos that what happens before crime, during crime and after crime. One can obtain many information like Date, Time and Location of crime from photos some offenders use vehicle, weapons, their outfit of hide their identity and some time their can be exposed in CCTV photos. This helps police to solve a crime in Criminal Justice System.

Fingerprint or Thumb Scanning

Fingerprinting or Thumb Scanning is a technique In which a person’s thumb Impression is electronically scanned and stored and later when the person scan his fingerprint, then the data of the scan fingerprint is match with stored data. Thumb Scanner scan the image of our thumb and whenever you put thumb for further scanning then it need to determine whether the pattern of ridges and valley of your thumb matches with pre-scanned ridges and valley or not. In real no any image of thumb print is ever saved only a series of binary code is saved and used for verification. If any one try to matches his thumb then algorithm will not match. So it is impossible to duplicate original image for mathematical representation. So that’s why any unknown thumb print is not match with other thumb print.

References

1. Clay Shields Department of Computer Science Georgetown University Washington, D.C., 20057 [email protected]
2. Presented By: Kristina Irelan and John Ehlers/INTRODUCTION TO CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION/http://www.wsdot.wa.gov mailto:[email protected]