Essays on Arab-israeli Conflict

Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Six-Day War, Yom Kippur War

15 May 1948 – ongoing

Middle East (Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria)

Ehud Barak, Chaim Herzog, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Yitzhak Rabin

Arab-Israeli Conflict including wars and series of military conflicts between Israeli forces and various Arab forces, most notably in 1948, 1956, 1967, 1973, 1982, and 2006.

Clashes broke out between Jews and Arabs in Palestine after the United Nations Resolution 181. The most infamous events was the attack on the Arab village of Dayr Yāsīn on April 9, 1948. In Israel, the war is remembered as its War of Independence but in the Arab world, it known as the Nakbah (Catastrophe) because of the large number of refugees resulting from the war.

Tensions mounted again after Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser's rise to power. In 1956 Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, that was largely owned by French and British concerns. In October 1956 Israel invaded Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula. Though Egyptian forces had been defeated on all fronts, the Suez Crisis was seen by Arabs as an Egyptian victory.

On June 5–10, 1967 Arab and Israeli forces clashed for the third time. Israeli drove back Syrian forces from the Golan Heights, took control of the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula and the West Bank. The Israelis were left in sole control of Jerusalem.

On October 6 1973, Egyptian forces crossed the Suez Canal and Syrian forces crossed the Golan Heights. The fighting came to an end on October 26. Israel signed a cease-fire agreement with Egypt on November 11 and with Syria on May 31, 1974. On March 26, 1979, Israel and Egypt signed a peace treaty.

On June 5, 1982, increased tensions between Israelis and Palestinians resulted in the Israeli bombing of Beirut and southern Lebanon. Soon, Israel invaded Lebanon, and by June 14 its land forces reached Beirut. As the PLO evacuated the city under the supervision of a multinational force, Israeli troops withdrew from Beirut, and the Israeli army had withdrawn from Lebanon by June 1985.

In July 2006 Hezbollah launched an operation against Israel to release Lebanese prisoners. The war lasted 34 days but left more than one thousand Lebanese dead and about one million others displaced. United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a resolution that resolved the 2006 Lebanon War.