Comparative Analysis: Disengagement Vs. Activity Theory in Caregiving

For this discussion post I am going to compare and contrast two theories of aging as it relates to the care giver, explain one thing I learned that I didn’t previously know, and state one piece of information that will affect my nursing practice. There are several different theories of aging, all of which show aging in a normal manner. The two theories that I have decided to research further are disengagement theory and activity theory. The two theories contain similarities and differences.

The disengagement theory is a normal process of aging that states as an individual ages they become less active and involved in society. This theory states that this is healthy and beneficial to both the individual and to society. For society it allows the younger generation to obtain more power and responsibilities and prepare for the loss of the elderly individual.

The activity theory states that older adults that remain active and continue to participate in society are happier and better adjusted than those that don’t. It explains that as the adult ages and begins to lose previous activities they should replace them with new ones. Activities that an elderly individual can participate in include: family time, joining groups, reading, visiting with family and even doing chores around the house.

These theories are similar because they both involve the amount of activity that the elderly individual participates in as they age. The theories are also both explained as normal and beneficial. The two are different because of the amount of activity that each portrays. With the disengagement theory less activity is normal and with activity theory more activity is considered beneficial.

One piece of information that I didn’t realize prior to this assignment is that elderly individuals decreasing activity with the outer world can be seen in a positive way. I also didn’t think about the fact that them become less active in society is actually helping themselves and society prepare for their loss. After reading these articles, it makes sense. I believe one thing that will affect my nursing practice after learning about the different theories of aging is how I perceive patients actions. I am now able to understand that different individuals process aging in different ways. Not all patients will behave the same due to aging and that’s okay. It is important to realize that some patients may remain active with their family and activities, while others may be withdrawn and not necessarily want company. Understanding this will allow myself to provide the best possible care for my patients.

In conclusion, the disengagement theory and activity theory have similarities and differences. Understanding the different types of theories allows me to become a better nurse by providing care based on the patient instead of how the patient is perceived by society. This discussion has improved my knowledge on the subject.