Identify and Discuss The Three Major Views of Human Nature

Throughout history, philosophers and scholars have grappled with the concept of human nature. This essay will explore the three major views of human nature: Tabula Rasa, Innate Goodness, and Evil Inclination. By examining the key proponents, strengths and weaknesses, and evidence supporting each view, we aim to understand the implications of adopting each perspective.

The First Major View of Human Nature: Tabula Rasa

The Tabula Rasa theory, championed by philosophers like John Locke, posits that humans are born as blank slates and are shaped by their experiences and environment. Proponents of this view argue that human behavior and characteristics are a product of their upbringing and cultural influences. While this perspective emphasizes the importance of nurture over nature, it has been criticized for downplaying the role of genetics and innate traits in shaping human nature.

The Second Major View of Human Nature: Innate Goodness

The Innate Goodness theory, advocated by philosophers like Jean-Jacques Rousseau, suggests that humans are inherently good and compassionate. This perspective emphasizes the natural benevolence and altruism of individuals, arguing that selfish and corrupt behavior is a result of societal influences. While the concept of innate goodness has a positive outlook on human nature, critics argue that it ignores the capacity for malice and evil in human beings.

The Third Major View of Human Nature: Evil Inclination

The Evil Inclination theory, often associated with religious and moral teachings, asserts that humans possess a natural propensity for wickedness and sin. Proponents of this view argue that individuals are born with inherent flaws and sinful tendencies, which must be restrained and disciplined through moral and ethical guidance. While this perspective acknowledges the potential for malevolence in human nature, it has been criticized for fostering pessimism and fatalism about the inherent nature of humanity.

Comparison and Contrast of the Three Major Views

When comparing the three major views of human nature, it becomes evident that each perspective offers unique insights and implications. While the Tabula Rasa theory emphasizes the role of environment and upbringing, the Innate Goodness perspective highlights the innate benevolence of individuals. On the other hand, the Evil Inclination theory underscores the potential for wickedness within human nature.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the exploration of the Tabula Rasa, Innate Goodness, and Evil Inclination theories provides a comprehensive understanding of the diverse perspectives on human nature. While each view has its strengths and weaknesses, it is essential to consider the implications and consequences of adopting a particular perspective on human nature. Further research and critical analysis are necessary to gain deeper insights into the complexities of human nature.

References

1. Locke, J. (1689). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
2. Rousseau, J. J. (1762). Emile, or On Education.
3. Aquinas, T. (1265-1274). Summa Theologica.