Robotics: Laws, Types, Components, Application

Robotics means the revise and application of robot technology. Robotics is a field of engineering that consists of conception, pattern, manufacture, and operation of machines task for a particular high exactness and repetitive tasks.

The Three Laws of Robotics

Popular science fiction writer Isaac Asimov created the Three Laws Of Robotics:

1. A robot cannot harm human being, or, through inaction allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must accept the permission given to it by human beings except where such commands would clash with the previous Law.
3. A robot must guide its own existence as long as such protection does not clash or contradict with the previous Law.

Types of Robotics

• Mobile Robots
• Rolling Robots
• Walking Robots
• Stationary Robots
• Autonomous Robots
• Remote-control Robots

Mobile robots have the ability to move, occasionally they can do/perform job assign to it such as search areas. A typical example is Mars Explorer, specifically assigned to roam the mars surface. Mobile robots are a great help to such break down of building for survivors Mobile robots are very useful in places where human can’t go, either because it is too dangerous of because people cannot reach the area that needs to be searched.

Rolling robots have wheels to move around. These robots are useful in looking and searching for rolling objects around. Therefore they can only be useful in flat areas, rocky terrains give them a difficult time. Flat terrains are their territory.

Robots on legs are basically brought in when the terrain is rocky and hard to enter with wheels. Robots have a hard time shifting balance and keep them from tumbling. That’s the reason most robots are having at least 4 legs, basically they have 6 legs or more.

Robots are not basically to seek and examine human beings. Most robots do repetitive task at rest. Most robots are industrial base settings. Specially dull and repeating jobs are sufficient for robots. A robot never got tired of working, it will do its duty day and night without been grumble. If the robots are done working, the robots will be reprogrammed to perform other tasks.

Autonomous robots are self-supporting or in other words self-contained. It rely on its brain only.

An autonomous robot is despite its autonomous not a very clever or intelligent unit. Its brain has limit on what it is program, an autonomous robots can be similar to an insect.

If a robot wants to execute difficult work yet undetermined tasks an autonomous robot is not advice able to use.

Components of Robots

• Structure
• Power source
• Actuation
• Sensing
• Manipulation
• Locomotion

The structure of a robot is mostly mechanical and can be called a kinematic chain. The chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), and joints together which can allow one or more degrees of freedom.

Suitable power supply is needed to run the motors and associated circuitry. Typical power requirement differs from 3V to 24V DC Sufficient AC supply must be supplied.

Batteries and different motors with the different drivers can also be used to run robots.

Actuators are the "muscles" of a robot, the parts which convert stored energy into movement. The most well-known actuators are electric motors.

Robots which must work in the real world require some way to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy, or otherwise have an effect. Thus the ’hands’ of a robot are mostly known as end effectors, while the arm is known as a manipulator.

It is all about the movement of the robot.

Robotics Applications

1. 1. Rob surgery

Robots are increasingly being used during certain types of microsurgery. This lets surgeons perform delicate procedures that would otherwise be too fine for human hands. The surgeon can control a surgery from a terminal in a room or at times several miles away from the patient while robots go on with their job. Assisted with tactile/feedback sensors, the surgeon can ‘feel’ the tissues underneath the robot instruments

1. 1. Robots in danger zones

Robots form an important part of landmines and bomb detection squads in many countries. Besides such land combining operations, the robots go deep down the earth’s crust where temperatures are unbearable and also search for buried treasures in the deepest of oceans and sometimes work in nuclear reactors. The very purpose of deploying robots is to shield humans from hazards. However, in most of the robots used, the robots operator controls it from a safe distance and guides the fully armed robot to the danger zone.