Why The Mongols Were Civilized

The Mongols, often portrayed as barbaric conquerors, were a complex and multifaceted civilization that left a lasting impact on the world. While they were undoubtedly fierce warriors, it is important to recognize that they also had a sophisticated culture and made significant contributions in various fields. This essay aims to challenge the prevailing notion that the Mongols were uncivilized by exploring their advancements in governance, diplomacy, and cultural exchange. By examining these aspects, it becomes clear that the Mongols were indeed civilized, albeit in a different way than traditional Western societies.

The Mongols established a highly efficient governance system that allowed them to effectively control their vast empire. Under the leadership of Genghis Khan, they implemented a legal code known as the Yassa, which provided guidelines for both the ruling elite and the general population. This code promoted justice, protected property rights, and ensured the fair treatment of conquered peoples. The Mongols also embraced religious tolerance, allowing freedom of worship and incorporating diverse religious practices into their society.

Furthermore, the Mongols developed an extensive courier system known as the Yam, which facilitated communication and the efficient administration of their empire. This system allowed for the swift transmission of orders, news, and information across vast distances. The establishment of postal stations along the Silk Road not only improved trade and commerce but also fostered cultural exchange and intellectual growth.

Contrary to popular belief, the Mongols were adept diplomats who actively engaged with other civilizations. They sought to establish diplomatic ties with neighboring states and fostered alliances through marriage alliances and trade agreements. One notable example is the Pax Mongolica, a period of relative peace and stability across Eurasia during the Mongol rule. This era facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies, contributing to the development of a more interconnected world.

The Mongols also employed a system of tribute, granting favorable treatment and protection to those who submitted to their rule. This approach allowed for the preservation of local customs and traditions, fostering a sense of stability and cooperation within the empire. While their methods may appear harsh by modern standards, it is important to consider the context of the time and the benefits that these diplomatic efforts brought.

Despite their reputation as conquerors, the Mongols actively promoted cultural exchange and facilitated the transmission of knowledge. As they expanded their empire, they encountered and absorbed the cultures of various conquered peoples, adopting and adapting elements of their traditions. This cultural assimilation contributed to the development of a unique Mongol identity that blended elements from different regions.

Additionally, the Mongols played a crucial role in connecting the East and the West through their control of the Silk Road. This trade route facilitated not only the exchange of goods but also the spread of ideas, religions, and technologies. The Mongols' tolerance towards different cultures allowed for the flourishing of intellectual pursuits, leading to advancements in astronomy, medicine, and other sciences.

Conclusion

The prevailing perception of the Mongols as uncivilized conquerors fails to acknowledge their significant contributions in governance, diplomacy, and cultural exchange. Their efficient administrative systems, diplomatic efforts, and promotion of cultural exchange demonstrate their civilization. While their methods may have been different from those of Western societies, it is important to evaluate them within their historical context. By recognizing the complexity and achievements of the Mongols, we gain a more nuanced understanding of their civilization and the lasting impact they had on the world.

In conclusion, the Mongols were indeed civilized, and their civilization deserves recognition for its unique characteristics and contributions. As we continue to explore and study history, it is vital to challenge preconceived notions and delve deeper into the complexities of different civilizations. The Mongols' legacy serves as a reminder that civilization can manifest in various forms, and that true understanding requires a comprehensive examination of the past.