Essays on Bias

A cognitive bias disrupts a normal cognitive process like reasoning, evaluating, and recalling memories. This perception mainly results from the tendency for individuals to put their own beliefs, mood, and preferences above any outside fact or opinion. Cognitive bias is a distortion in our perception...

Optimistic Bias: Innovation Through Creators Hope: used to encourage and convince ourselves of a better future or outcome against the odds. It is the light at the end of the tunnel. It lives in the dreams of the innovators of our future. It is the...

According to Brewer et al. (2005), prestige is “directly related to an institution’s ability to meet consistently its customer demands”. From a business and marketing study perspective, the university is the industry, its enumerated customers are the “students, alumni, employees, corporations, governments, and private individuals”;...

Self-fulfilling prophecies and confirmation bias work together to build pictures of the world that are both true and false. When we want something to be true, we only seek information that validates such a belief. Our prior notion about something determines what we discover about...

Of course, that is oversimplified do people believe in that the past is real, arguments can inform whether the history existed but will leave that unparalleled. The thing is that there is not any record, anywhere, including the specific and exact fact of any moment...

The educational problem being addressed in this paper is the persistence of barriers to the advancement of women in higher education administration. Examples of these barriers include individual interpersonal biases (such as sex role stereotyping) and institutional biases (such as discriminatory policies used to recruit,...

People have the tendency of proving to others and themselves that they are right when it comes to what they do and what they say. It is simply a mechanic to protect the person’s ego based on the notion that nobody likes it when they...

Narrators provide insight into a character with the way they are described and what events are emphasized. In Eugene Onegin, by Alexander Pushkin, and A Hero of Our Time, by Mikhail Lermontov, both have engaged voices, which add a more personal element to the novels,...